Four Input Single Output based third order universal filter using Four Terminal Floating Nullor

Tarunkumar, Huirem; Ranjan, Ashish; Perumalla, Subrahmanyam; Meitei, Ph. Nonglen

doi:10.1007/s10470-017-1018-z

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…From Table 1, the following may be noted: The circuits of previous works 2,29–43 use more than one ABB, two ABBs 2,29–42 and three ABBs, 43 and, hence, do not belong to the class of single‐ABB‐based first‐order UAFs to which the circuits proposed in this article belong to. The single‐ABB‐based earlier works 3,10,12–14 use only a single ABB but realize a UAF only in CM, whereas other studies, 16–27 too, use only one ABB but realize an UAF only in VM. On the other hand, the single ABB configuration of Chaturvedi and Kumar 11 is in CM/TAM mode, whereas single ABB configuration of Maheshwari et al 15 and Singh et al 24 are in VM/TAM mode. None of the building blocks employed in previous works 3–24,26,27 are yet available as off‐the‐shelf ICs. The circuits of previous studies 5,14,20–22,24–27 do not employ a grounded capacitor. The UAFs in previous works, 5,16–19,21,23–25,27 do not have the appropriate Z in or Z out to enable cascadability. The only other earlier work which is based upon the use of a commercially available IC (namely, the LT1228 comprising an OTA followed by a CFOA) also realizes only VM UAF and does not employ a grounded capacitor. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…A brief overview of earlier published first‐order UAFs is now in order. However, in order to keep the overview of the earlier works 2–43 as brief as possible, we have compiled the relevant data in tabular form as shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ii. The single-ABB-based earlier works 3,10,[12][13][14] use only a single ABB but realize a UAF only in CM, whereas other studies, [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] too, use only one ABB but realize an UAF only in VM. On the other hand, the single ABB configuration of Chaturvedi and Kumar 11 is in CM/TAM mode, whereas single ABB configuration of Maheshwari et al 15 and Singh et al 24 are in VM/TAM mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…iv. The circuits of previous studies 5,14,[20][21][22][24][25][26][27] do not employ a grounded capacitor. v. The UAFs in previous works, 5,[16][17][18][19]21,[23][24][25]27 do not have the appropriate Z in or Z out to enable cascadability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CFOA‐based simple mixed‐mode first‐order universal filter configurations

Bhaskar

Raj

Senani

et al. 2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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This brief communication presents two current feedback op-amp (CFOA)based simple first-order mixed-mode universal filter topologies-one of them providing first-order low-pass (LP), high pass (HP), and all pass (AP)-all the three filters in voltage-mode (VM)/trans-admittance-mode (TAM) while the other one realizing the quoted three functions in current-mode (CM)/transimpedance-mode (TIM). Except the all pass filter realization from the first configuration which needs a second CFOA also as gain-of-two amplifier, in all the remaining cases of both the configurations, only a single CFOA is needed. The other notable features of the circuits are employment of only three resistors and a grounded capacitor (as preferred for IC implementation) and the availability of independent tunability of the gain (H 0 ) and cut-off frequency/pole frequency (ω 0 ) of all the three filters, in both the cases. In spite of not offering ideally infinite input impedance in VM/TAM mode and ideally zero input impedance in CM/TIM mode, the circuits still possess easy cascadability due to providing a voltage output from a low-output impedance terminal W while the current output from the high output impedance terminal Z. Non-ideal and sensitivity analyses have also been carried out. The workability of the proposed circuits has been demonstrated through PSPICE simulations and experimental results using the commercially available AD844-type IC CFOA.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CFOA‐based simple mixed‐mode first‐order universal filter configurations

Bhaskar

Raj

Senani

et al. 2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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“…A first-order universal filter realizes high-pass (HP), low-pass (LP), and AP configurations in the same circuit. A large part of technical documentation [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] is focused on single-ended first-order filters, due to their design simplicity and implementation. However, single-ended circuits have several drawbacks in a few specific ambient conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Differential Current-Mode Configuration for the Realization of First-Order Filters with Ease of Cascadability

Kumar

Elkamchouchi

et al. 2022

Electronics

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It is well known that fully differential signal processing is more advantageous than single-ended signal processing in a noisy environment, and is widely used in audio, video and other signal processing applications. This paper introduces a new fully differential configuration that contains a first-order low-pass (LP) filter, high-pass (HP) filter, and all-pass (AP) filter, all present within the same circuit design. The proposed fully differential configuration is simple and employs only one multiple-output current differencing transconductance amplifier and one grounded capacitor. The circuit has a wide operating frequency range (up to 73 MHz). The additional features offered by the proposed circuit include use of the lowest number of active and passive components, suitability of the integrated circuit chip, support of cascadability, electronic tunability, no passive component-matching restrictions, availability of all first-order responses, i.e., LP, HP, and AP, and low-level operating supply voltages. Non-ideal and parasitic analyses are investigated for the proposed circuit, and PSPICE simulation results are presented to verify the proposed theory. Additionally, the proposed FD LP filter circuit is experimentally verified using off-the-shelf ICs. Moreover, the cascading feasibility is demonstrated by realizing a fully differential nth-order LP filter.

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Single‐differential difference current conveyor‐based first‐order VM/TAM universal filter and its applications

Raj,

Senani,

Bhaskar

2023

Int J Numerical Modelling

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A new first‐order universal filter structure is presented in this article using a single differential difference current conveyor (DDCC). The proposed circuit can provide three first‐order filter functions namely, high‐pass filter (HPF), low‐pass filter (LPF), and all‐pass filter (APF) in voltage mode (VM) and transadmittance mode (TAM) both. A voltage amplifier with a gain of 2 is required for the realization of the APF functions in both the modes while for LPF and HPF, no condition is required. The pole frequency and gain of the proposed circuit can be controlled separately. The effect of the parasitic impedances of the DDCC has been modeled in the nonideal equivalent circuit from which nonideal parameters have been evaluated and compared with their ideal ones. Application examples of the proposed circuits configured as amplitude equalizer (in both modes) and in the realization of a simple wideband band‐pass filter are also discussed. The functionality of the proposed circuit as well as its mentioned application circuits is verified using complementry metal oxide semiconductor DDCC to support the theoretical propositions. Some experimentally observed frequency responses and transient responses of the various VM filters have also been corroborated using DDCC implemented using AD844 ICs.

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Four Input Single Output based third order universal filter using Four Terminal Floating Nullor

Cited by 9 publications

References 27 publications

CFOA‐based simple mixed‐mode first‐order universal filter configurations

CFOA‐based simple mixed‐mode first‐order universal filter configurations

Fully Differential Current-Mode Configuration for the Realization of First-Order Filters with Ease of Cascadability

Single‐differential difference current conveyor‐based first‐order VM/TAM universal filter and its applications

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