Four new species and one new subspecies of skinks, genus<i>Leiolopisma</i>(Reptilia: Lacertilia: Scincidae) from New Zealand

Patterson, Geoff B.; Daugherty, Charles H.

doi:10.1080/03036758.1990.10426733

Cited by 57 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These two populations have the same 125 rRNA sequence but differ in their allozyme profiles (see Daugherty et al 1990;and Fig. 4 used successfully for PCR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To illustrate the techniques, we describe the initial investigations of the L. nigriplantare species complex identified by Patterson (1985), Patterson & Daugherty (1990), and Daugherty et al (1990b DNA extraction A disadvantage of PeR is its very power; even slight contamination from other DNA can lead to the amplification of contaminating DNA, even from the hands or skin of the investigator (Kitchin et al 1990). Extreme care must therefore be taken to ensure that the correct sample is amplified.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leiolopisma skinks are found throughout New Zealand; one, the common skink L. nigriplantare, existing in a range of habitats from Hawkes Bay to Southland, as well as on the Chatham Islands (pickard & Towns 1988 (Patterson & Daugherty 1990). L. n. polychroma, L. maccanni, and L. inconspicuum live sympatrically in several localities, where they can be distinguished on the basis of colour pattern and microhabitat preferences (Patterson 1985;Patterson & Daugherty 1990). However, colour pattern is not a reliable guide to species identification between sites (Daugherty et al 199Ob;Patterson & Daugherty 1990).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…L. n. polychroma, L. maccanni, and L. inconspicuum live sympatrically in several localities, where they can be distinguished on the basis of colour pattern and microhabitat preferences (Patterson 1985;Patterson & Daugherty 1990). However, colour pattern is not a reliable guide to species identification between sites (Daugherty et al 199Ob;Patterson & Daugherty 1990).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Molecular systematics and evolution in New Zealand: Applications to cryptic skink species

Hickson

Penny

Scott

1992

New Zealand Journal of Zoology

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The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing are being used for the study of the origin and evolution of New Zealand plants and animals. Here we describe methods for rapidly obtaining DNA sequences from small amounts of fresh and preserved tissue, and apply them to the problem of resolving relationships among skinks of the Austrnlasian genus Leiolopisma. DNA extracted from frozen tail muscle was used for the main part of the study. Part of the mitochondrial12S ribosomal RNA gene was isolated using PCR. Direct sequencing of this 400 nucleotide region supports the separation of "L. nigriplantare" into several genetically distinct but morphologically similar species. The sequence data have also identified a potential case of hybridisation between two sympatric species in Otago, L. nigriplantare polychroma and L. maccanni. The data set supports the view that skinks have been in New Zealand very much longer than five million years.From these results we expect that application of the PCR and other techniques in molecular biology will help solve many questions about the origins and evolution of New Zealand's biota, as well as help identify unique populations for conservation.

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“…These two populations have the same 125 rRNA sequence but differ in their allozyme profiles (see Daugherty et al 1990;and Fig. 4 used successfully for PCR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular systematics and evolution in New Zealand: Applications to cryptic skink species

Hickson

Penny

Scott

1992

New Zealand Journal of Zoology

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“…The dentaries and braincases of all were characteristic of Leiolopisma (Worthy 1987). The smallest bones (femora 6-7.5 mm long, humeri 5-6 mm, dentaries with 26-28 alveoli) were the size of bones of species in the L. nigriplantare complex, of which only L. nigriplantare polychroma is present in the area of this study today (Patterson and Daugherty 1990). The middle-sized bones (femora 10-11 mm long, humeri 8-9 mm long) were the size of L. lineoocellatum, and the dentaries had the uniquely low tooth count (21-24) of that species.…”

Section: Family Scincidaementioning

confidence: 98%

Quaternary fossil faunas from caves on Mt Cookson, North Canterbury, South Island, New Zealand

Worthy

Holdaway

1995

Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand

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The late Quaternary fossil vertebrate faunas from caves and cliff sites in the limestone of Mt Cookson, near Waiau in North Canterbury, are described. These faunas allow documentation of faunal changes in the area, over the last 40,000 years, and reveal differences from other previously studied areas that are related to climate. Pitfall faunas from the numerous potholes dominate the deposits, but three predator-accumulated deposits, attributed to the New Zealand falcon Falco novaeseelandiae, were found. The deposits in Merino Cave and Holocene Hole were studied in detail.Merino Cave had two distinct fossil faunas, from which six radiocarbon dates were obtained, showing that deposition spanned the Otiran Glacial period, between 38,000 yrs BP and 14,000 yrs BP. The older of the two Merino Cave faunas, dated at about 38,000 yrs BP, is the first extensive assemblage for the mid-Otiran period from New Zealand. The moa fauna was dominated by the heavy-footed moa Pachyornis elephantopus, but the stout-legged moa Euryapteryx geranoides, upland moa Megalapteryx didinus, large bush moa Dinornis novaezealandiae, and slender moa D. struthoides were present. Carinates included the following: Eyles's harrier Circus eylesi, adzebill Aptornis defossor, large kiwis Apteryx australis or A. haastii, weka Gallirallus australis, New Zealand quail Coturnix novaezelandiae, Finsch's duck Euryanas finschi, kea Nestor notabilis, laughing owl Sceloglaux albifacies, and owletnightjar Aegotheles novaezealandiae. This assemblage indicates an open shrublandgrassland environment. The younger Merino Cave fauna was deposited between 20,000 and 14,000 years ago, during the last major glacial advance at the coldest time of the Otira Glaciation. Only moa bones were present, and P. elephantopus again dominated the fauna. This late Otiran population comprised larger individuals than did the midOtiran population, indicating mean size of individuals got bigger as the climate cooled.Holocene Hole had a rich deposit of small birds dating from the late Holocene, between 3,000 and 2,400 yrs BP. This fauna was deposited when continuous beech forest clothed the landscape. By then the large emeids P. elephantopus, E. geranoides, and M. didinus had been replaced in the fauna by the little bush moa Anomalopteryx didiformis in association with the large bush moa D. novaezealandiae. New Zealand quail and pipits Anthus novaeseelandiae were absent from the local fauna which was dominated by a range of forest species. However, the presence ofadzebills and Finsch's ducks, both absent in Holocene forests farther west, reflects the low rainfall and seasonal dryness of the area. Several species of petrels were present on Mt Cookson: Mottled petrels Pterodroma inexpectata. Cook's petrel Pterodroma cookii, shearwaters Puffinus sp., and diving petrels Pelecanoides urinatrix.The falcon deposits were dominated by bones of kiore Rattus exulans, and included a few bones of species introduced to New Zealand by Europeans, indicating that most of the remains were deposited in the...

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Conservation genetics of the pond bat (Myotis dasycneme) with special focus on the populations in northwestern Germany and in Jutland, Denmark

Andersen

Dirksen

Nikulina

et al. 2019

Ecology and Evolution

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Conservation genetics is important in the management of endangered species, helping to understand their connectivity and long‐term viability, thus identifying populations of importance for conservation. The pond bat ( Myotis dasycneme ) is a rare species classified as “Near Threatened” with a wide but patchy Palearctic distribution. A total of 277 samples representing populations in Denmark, Germany, Latvia, Hungary, and Russia were used in the genetic analyses; 224 samples representing Denmark, Germany, and Russia were analyzed at 10 microsatellite loci; 241 samples representing all areas were analyzed using mitochondrial D‐loop and cytochrome B sequences. A Bayesian clustering approach revealed two poorly resolved clusters, one representing the Danish and German groups and the other the Russian group. However, significantly different pairwise F ST and D EST estimates were observed between the Danish and German groups and between the Danish and Russian groups suggesting a recent population structure. These conflicting results might be attributed to the effect of migration or low resolution due to the number of microsatellite markers used. After concatenating the two mitochondrial sequences, analysis detected significant genetic differentiation between all populations, probably due to genetic drift combined with a founder event. The phylogenetic tree suggested a closer relationship between the Russian and Northern European populations compared to the Hungarian population, implying that the latter belongs to an older ancestral population. This was supported by the observed haplotype network and higher nucleotide diversity in this population. The genetic structuring observed in the Danish/German pond bat stresses the need for a cross‐border management between the two countries. Further, the pronounced mtDNA structuring, together with the indicated migration between nearby populations suggest philopatric female behavior but male migration, emphasizes the importance of protecting suitable habitat mosaics to maintain a continuum of patches with dense pond bat populations across the species' distribution range.

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Four new species and one new subspecies of skinks, genusLeiolopisma(Reptilia: Lacertilia: Scincidae) from New Zealand

Cited by 57 publications

References 6 publications

Molecular systematics and evolution in New Zealand: Applications to cryptic skink species

Molecular systematics and evolution in New Zealand: Applications to cryptic skink species

Quaternary fossil faunas from caves on Mt Cookson, North Canterbury, South Island, New Zealand

Conservation genetics of the pond bat (Myotis dasycneme) with special focus on the populations in northwestern Germany and in Jutland, Denmark

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