Four new species of the Glyphiulus javanicus group from southern China (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae)

Abstract

Hitherto, 24 species of the Glyphiulus javanicus group have been recorded, all endemic to Southeast Asia, including 14 in China. Nevertheless, this species group needs further exploration. In this context, four new species of this group are described, all collected from limestone caves in Southern China: G. calceus sp. n., G. foetidus sp. n., G. guangnanensis sp. n., and G. impletus sp. n. They can be separated easily from each other and other congeners by their carinotaxic formulae, the structures of male legs I, and the gonopods. Due to the absence of any troglomorphic traits in our specimens, they may be troglophilic only.

Two new species of the millipede genus Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847 (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae) from caves in northern Thailand

“…Diagnosis. This new species seems to be particularly similar to G. guangnanensis Jiang, Guo, Chen & Xie, 2018, from Yunnan Province, China (Jiang et al 2018), with which it shares the following diagnostic characters: very strong metatergal crests and unique carinotaxic formulae, coupled with certain anterior and posterior gonopod structural details. Glyphiulus longus sp.…”

“…Remarks. This new species belongs to the javanicus-group which currently encompasses 32 described species (Golovatch et al 2007b(Golovatch et al , 2011b(Golovatch et al , 2012aLikhitrakarn et al 2017;Jiang et al 2017Jiang et al , 2018Jiang et al , 2020. The above new congener is the second one in this group to be reported from Thailand.…”

“…Glyphiulus is the largest genus and it presently comprises 68 described species. Most of the species (43, or > 63%) have been recorded from southern China, followed by Vietnam (nine species), northern Thailand (seven species), Laos (six species), Japan (the Ryukyu Islands) and Indonesia (north-central Java) (one species each) (Golovatch et al 2007a, b;2011a, b, 2012aLikhitrakarn et al 2017;Jiang et al 2017Jiang et al , 2018Jiang et al , 2020Liu and Wynne 2019). However, the diversity of this genus in Thailand is incompletely assessed, with only a small area having yet to be revealed as being confined to the northern, mountainous parts of the country (Fig.…”

“…Glyphiulus is the most speciose and characteristic genus of the family Cambalopsidae (Golovatch et al 2007a). Most Glyphiulus species are considered endemic to Southeast Asia and southern China, narrow endemism prevailing because, like most Diplopoda, their dispersal capacities are very limited (Golovatch et al 2007b;Jiang et al 2017Jiang et al , 2018Likhitrakarn et al 2017). Only two species, G. granulatus (Gervais, 1847), pantropical through numerous anthropochoric introductions (Golovatch et al 2007a), and G. javanicus Carl, 1911, described from a sugar cane plantation in Java, Indonesia (Carl 1911), but from a still unclear area of origin lying somewhere in Indochina or China, are assumed to be truly widespread (Golovatch et al 2007b(Golovatch et al , 2012a.…”

A remarkable new species of the millipede genus Trachyjulus Peters, 1864 (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae) from Thailand, based both on morphological and molecular evidence

“…By far the largest genus is Glyphiulus Gervais, 1847 with its 60+ species ranging across China and Southeast Asia to Borneo in the east (Golovatch et al 2007a(Golovatch et al , 2007b(Golovatch et al , 2011b(Golovatch et al , 2011c(Golovatch et al , 2012bJiang et al 2017Jiang et al , 2018Likhitrakarn et al 2017;Liu and Wynne 2019;Golovatch and Liu 2020). The genus Plusioglyphiulus Silvestri, 1923 encompasses 28 described species ranging from northern Thailand and Laos in the west, through Myanmar and Malaysia, to Borneo in the east and southeast (Golovatch et al 2009(Golovatch et al , 2011aLikhitrakarn et al 2018).…”