Four novel Talaromyces species isolated from leaf litter from Colombian Amazon rain forests

Abstract

Various Talaromyces strains were isolated during a survey of fungi involved in leaf litter decomposition in tropical lowland forests in the Caquetá and Amacayacu areas of the Colombian Amazon. Four new Talaromyces species are described using a polyphasic approach, which includes phenotypic characters, extrolite profiles and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) barcode, and betatubulin (BenA) and calmodulin (CaM) gene regions. Talaromyces amazonensis sp. nov., T. francoae sp. nov. and T. purgamentorum sp. nov. belong to Talaromyces section Talaromyces, and T. columbiensis sp. nov. is located in section Bacillispori. The new species produce several bioactive compounds: T. amazonensis produces the potential anticancer agents duclauxin, berkelic acid and vermicillin, and T. columbiensis produces the effective anticancer agent wortmannin (together with duclauxin). In addition to the new species, T. aculeatus and T. macrosporus were isolated during this study on leaf litter decomposition.

Substrate quality drives fungal necromass decay and decomposer community structure under contrasting vegetation types

“…Chitinophaga (Sangkhobol & Skerman, 1981), Stretrophonas (Yoon, Kang, Oh, & Oh, 2006), Variovax (Bers et al, 2011)) and fungi ( Mortierella : De Boer, Gerards, Klein Gunnewiek, & Modderman, 1999) had significantly higher abundance on the high‐quality fungal necromass, which may reflect easier access to chitin not imbedded in a melanized cell wall matrix (Bull, 1970). Conversely, the higher abundance of bacterial genera such as Mucilinibacter and Granulicella as well as fungal genera such as Chaetosphaeria and Talaromyces on low‐quality necromass is consistent with their common association with decomposing leaf litter and wood (Huhndorf, Fernández, Taylor, & Hyded, 2001; López‐Mondéjar et al, 2016; Pankratov, Ivanova, Dedysh, & Liesack, 2011; Yilmaz et al, 2016), which requires greater carbohydrate‐active enzymes activity to initiate decomposition. Additionally, the high overlap in the dominant microbial genera detected on fungal necromass at both our study sites and those present on fungal necromass in other study systems (Brabcová et al, 2016, 2018; Fernandez & Kennedy, 2018; López‐Mondéjar et al, 2018), suggests there may be core necrobiome (Shade & Handelsman, 2012) that is broadly associated with decomposing mycelium.…”

New Talaromyces species from indoor environments in China

“…2014), accepting seven sections and 88 species. This study promoted the taxonomy of this genus, and since more than 17 new species were described (Visagie et al., 2015, Yilmaz et al., 2016a, Yilmaz et al., 2016b, Luo et al., 2016, Romero et al., 2016, Wang et al., 2016). In this study, Talaromyces isolates obtained from indoor air in China were studied.…”

“…An overview of strains is given in Table 1. For other strains used in the phylogenetic analyses, readers are referred to Yilmaz et al., 2014, Yilmaz et al., 2016a, Yilmaz et al., 2016b, Visagie et al., 2014, Visagie et al., 2015, Luo et al., 2016, Romero et al., 2016, and Wang et al. (2016).…”

“…(2016b) resolved the taxonomy within section Islandici using a polyphasic approach and introduced four new species, T. acaricola , T. crassus , T. infraolivaceus and T. subaurantiacus . In the same year, eight new species, T. amazonensis , T. columbiensis , T. francoae , T. neofusisporus , T. purgamentorum , T. qii , T. rubrifaciens and T. systylus , were described from Argentina, China and Colombia (Luo et al., 2016, Romero et al., 2016, Wang et al., 2016, Yilmaz et al., 2016a). …”

Morphology and multigene phylogeny of Talaromyces amyrossmaniae, a new synnematous species belonging to the section Trachyspermi from India

“…The molecular taxonomy and nomenclature Talaromyces were comprehensively revised in the recent past (Houbraken and Samson et al 2011;Seifert et al 2012;Visagie and Jacobs 2012;Yilmaz et al 2012;Yilmaz et al 2014). Yilmaz et al (2014) resolved the phylogenetic positioning of Talaromyces species using a polyphasic taxonomic concept and placing 88 accepted species in seven well-defined sections, namely Bacillispori, Helici, Islandici, Purpurei, Subinflati, Talaromyces, and Trachyspermi. Subsequent to the monograph by Yilmaz et al (2014), 54 new Talaromyces species have been described from all over the world (Visagie et al 2015;Chen et al 2016;Luo et al 2016;Crous et al 2016;Romero et al 2016;Yilmaz et al 2016a, b;Crous et al 2017;Guevara-Suarez et al 2017;Peterson and Jurjević 2017;Wang et al 2017;Barbosa et al 2018;Su and Niu 2018;Jiang et al 2018;Varriale et al 2018).…”