Four-step travel demand model implementation for estimating traffic volumes on rural low-volume roads in Wyoming

Simulating a Macrosystem of Cargo Deliveries by Road Transport Based on Big Data Volumes: A Case Study of Poland

“…On the other hand, the usefulness and suitability of the four-step travel model in modern conditions are confirmed by its application in many recent scientific studies, which have obtained significant results [14]. For instance, the combination of the travel model with actual transport demand indicators was used for the development of a route-planning tool [15].…”

Refining trip starting and ending locations when estimating travel-demand at large urban scale

“…Despite integrating a large number of purposes (11 purposes in our case), much than in the classical application of FSM (McNally, M.G., 2007, Wang et al, 2013, Apronti and Ksaibati, 2018, Park et al, 2019, our framework could still be improved by refining some purpose processing. As we rely on buildings to determine purposes, outside green areas do not appear as potential locations for trips' terminations.…”

“…However, as associating a purpose to each person's trips is a cumbersome task, and as activities chains are challenging to represent (because of the statistical under-representation of many purposes in the public surveys), studies often factor the data into a limited number of significant purposes. Thus, if Ghadiri et al (2019) used five Home-Based purposes (Work, Education, Recreation, Shopping, and Personal business) when estimating travel demand for the city of Khoy, Iran, usually, these purposes are reduced to Home-Based to Work, Home-Based to Other, and Non-Home Based, with only a few variations Kockelman, 2000, 2002;McNally, M.G., 2007, Wang et al, 2013, Apronti and Ksaibati, 2018, Park et al, 2019.…”

“…In FSM, TAZs are often reduced to a centroid, used as an injection point for vehicles (Horowitz, 2001;Qian and Zhang, 2012;Hagen-Zanker and Jin, 2015). This centroid is then connected to the real road network via one (or more) "centroid connector" or link, a virtual road for which artificial characteristics (capacity, maximum speed, travel time) are prescribed (Wang et al, 2013, Apronti andKsaibati, 2018). However, although several centroid connectors sometimes ensure access to the TAZ from different locations, using a unique point for vehicle injection or removal can result in inconsistent local vehicle distributions because the demand injection is not enough correlated with the network properties.…”