Cluster-based coordination polymers
(CCPs) have shown promise as
capacitors. To investigate the relativity between capacitor performance
and crystal structure, herein, five new CCPs based on organophosphorus
Strandberg-type clusters were synthesized via in situ hydrothermal
reactions at different pH’s, namely, (H2bipy)2[(C6H5PO3)2Mo5O15]·2H2O (1), (H2bipy)1.5[CuI(bipy)(C6H5PO3)2Mo5O15]·H2O (2), H2[CuI
2(bipy)2.5(C6H5PO3)2Mo5O15]·2H2O (3), Na2[CuI
4CuII(bipy)4(C6H5PO3)2(Mo5O15)2]·15H2O (4), [CuII
2(bipy)(H2O)4(C6H5PO3)2Mo5O15] (5) (bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine).
Compound 1 is a zero-dimensional monomer, in which the
protonated bipy ligands as countercations combine Strandberg-type
clusters by hydrogen bonding and π–π interaction
forming a supramolecular layer. Compound 2 represents
a unique one-dimensional (1D) channel chain structure linked by intermolecular
hydrogen bonding and π–π interaction. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibit the first example of an interdigitated
architecture based on organophosphorus Strandberg-type clusters [1D
+ 1D → two-dimensional (2D) for 3 and 2D + 2D
→ three-dimensional (3D) for 4]. Compound 5 displays a novel (3,4)-connected 3D microporous framework
with (81·62) (83·63) topology. Notably, the more complicated structures of compounds 1–5 were obtained with an increase in pH. The isolation
of five compounds is beneficial for our systematic understanding of
the effect of pH on the assembly of CCPs. Organophosphorus Strandberg-type
polyoxometalate clusters were explored as supercapacitor electrode
materials for the first time. Compared with other CCPs in this work,
compound 5 shows the highest specific capacitance, 160.9
F g–1, at a current density of 2 A g–1, and for favorable cycling stability, after 1000 cycles, the retention
rate of the capacitance is 95.6% at 10 A g–1.