Four weeks one-leg training and high fat diet does not alter PPARα protein or mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle

Abstract

4 weeks one leg knee extensor training did not affect PPARalpha protein or mRNA expression. Furthermore, higher fat oxidation during exercise after fat rich diet was not accompanied by an increased PPARalpha protein or mRNA expression after 4 weeks.

Alterations in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor mRNA expression in skeletal muscle after acute and repeated bouts of exercise

“…This agrees with data in collected in humans, which indicated that PPARα expression does not appear to change with exercise changing in the quadriceps muscle [16]. Interestingly, the loss of PPARα expression in mice resulted in significant reductions in exercise capacity, without significant alterations in metabolic capacity of the muscle, which was predicted to be the result compensatory increase in PPARβ/δ expression [17].…”

Effect of an acute moderate‐exercise session on metabolic and inflammatory profile of PPAR‐α knockout mice

“…45 In humans, it was observed that 4 weeks of training was able to improve oxidative capacity even without changes on PPAR-α mRNA or protein expressions on skeletal muscle. 46 However, different isoforms of the PPARα co-activator, PGC-1α, has been described as activated by a single bout of exercise in skeletal muscle. 47 PGC-1α is a regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis in tissues with high-energy demands, such as heart and skeletal muscle.…”

Interactions Between Fatty Acid Transport Proteins, Genes That Encode for Them, and Exercise: A Systematic Review

“…Overall, the quality of the manuscripts included in the review was moderate to high (Mean = 11 ± 2 of a possible 16). Participant characteristics (eligibility criteria) were not included in 45% of the studies (n = 14) (Cameron‐Smith et al, ; Arkinstall et al, ; Holloway et al, , ; Helge et al, ; Talanian et al, , ; de Bock et al, ; Tjonna et al, ; Yeo et al, ; Cheng et al, , ; Hulston et al, ; Bradley et al, ), and the exercise stimuli involved in each study was clearly described in all bar one manuscript (Mensink et al, ). All studies investigating acute exercise, bar one (Holloway et al, ), were deemed to use adequate adjustment for confounders, however only 12 (Kiens et al, ; Tunstall et al, ; Cameron‐Smith et al, ; Schenk and Horowitz, ; Burgomaster et al, ; Talanian et al, ; de Bock et al, ; Perry et al, ; Yeo et al, ; Hulston et al, ; van Proeyen et al, ; Jeppesen et al, ) intervention studies were considered to do the same.…”

“…The overall quality of the reporting of individual study results, including statistical significance, was poor amongst the manuscripts included in this review. Reporting of estimates of the random variability in the data relating to the main outcome only occurred in nine studies (Kiens et al, ; Mensink et al, ; Arkinstall et al, ; Schenk and Horowitz, ; Helge et al, ; Fu et al, ; Rimbert et al, ; Newsom et al, ; Cheng et al, ), and actual P ‐values were only reported in five manuscripts (Tunstall et al, ; Mensink et al, ; de Bock et al, ; Fu et al, ; Newsom et al, ).…”

“…AET alone produced an increase in FA (palmitate and oleate) oxidation in three manuscripts (Tunstall et al, ; Jeppesen et al, ; Bergouignan et al, ), an increase that was correlated with FATP4 PC (Jeppesen et al, ). Two studies identified an increase in Fat ox with exercise during periods of increased FA availability, via coupling with a high‐fat diet, when compared to both baseline and high‐CHO measures (Cameron‐Smith et al, ; Yeo et al, ), while a high‐fat diet decreased RER independent of training (trained and untrained legs), as well as in combination with a AET (trained leg < untrained leg) (Helge et al, ). An EX+DIET intervention (AET and caloric restriction) increased resting Fat ox compared with diet alone, with this increase correlated with CD36/carnitine palmitolytransferase 1 (CPT1) coimmunoprecipitation (Schenk and Horowitz, ).…”