Fourier‐based decomposition for simultaneous 2‐voxel MRS acquisition with 2SPECIAL

Abstract

Purpose To simultaneously acquire spectroscopic signals from two MRS voxels using a multi‐banded 2 spin‐echo, full‐intensity acquired localized (2SPECIAL) sequence, and to decompose the signal to their respective regions by a novel voxel‐GRAPPA (vGRAPPA) decomposition approach for in vivo brain applications at 7 T. Methods A wideband, uniform rate, smooth truncation (WURST) multi‐banded pulse was incorporated into SPECIAL to implement 2SPECIAL for simultaneous multi‐voxel spectroscopy (sMVS). To decompose the acquired data, the voxel‐GRAPPA decomposition algorithm is introduced, and its performance is compared to the SENSE‐based decomposition. Furthermore, the limitations of two‐voxel excitation concerning the multi‐banded adiabatic inversion pulse, as well as of the combined B0 shim and B1+ adjustments, are evaluated. Results It was successfully shown that the 2SPECIAL sequence enables sMVS without a significant loss in SNR while reducing the total scan time by 21.6% compared to two consecutive acquisitions. The proposed voxel‐GRAPPA algorithm properly reassigns the signal components to their respective origin region and shows no significant differences to the well‐established SENSE‐based algorithm in terms of leakage (both <10%) or Cramér‐Rao lower bounds (CRLB) for in vivo applications, while not requiring the acquisition of additional sensitivity maps and thus decreasing motion sensitivity. Conclusion The use of 2SPECIAL in combination with the novel voxel‐GRAPPA decomposition technique allows a substantial reduction of measurement time compared to the consecutive acquisition of two single voxels without a significant decrease in spectral quality or metabolite quantification accuracy and thus provides a new option for multiple‐voxel applications.

Reproducible Research Practices in Magnetic Resonance Neuroimaging: A Review Informed by Advanced Language Models

“…Quantitative MRI articles are powerful showcases of reproducible research practices, as they usually come with fitting models that can be shared on public code repositories. The applications range from MR spectroscopy 7 – 10 to arterial spin labeling (ASL), 11 diffusion MRI, 12 , 13 chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST), 14 magnetization transfer, 15 – 17 B 1 mapping, 18 and relaxometry. 16 – 20…”

B1+ inhomogeneity mitigation for diffusion weighted MRI at 7T using TR‐FOCI pulses

“…20 Because the state-of-the art diffusion imaging protocols 37 reduce scan time with simultaneous multislice acceleration, 38 a future work could explore the utilization of the multiband adiabatic pulses. [39][40][41] However, multiband RF pulses are generally more SAR-intense, which could limit the application. The applicability of the power independent of number of slices framework, 42 combined with delays alternating with nutation for tailored excitation, 43 could be investigated to reduce the pulse amplitudes and improve the SAR efficiency.…”

“…Because the state‐of‐the art diffusion imaging protocols 37 reduce scan time with simultaneous multislice acceleration, 38 a future work could explore the utilization of the multiband adiabatic pulses 39–41 . However, multiband RF pulses are generally more SAR‐intense, which could limit the application.…”