“…Fourier thermal conduction equation [ 38,39 ] suggested the relationship between the VR of melt‐to‐solid as follows where V x is the volume of solid insert (Al‐coated TC4), V 0 is the volume of mold, ρ x is the density of the insert, ρ m is the density of AZ91D melt, T k is the preheating temperature of the insert, T is the casting temperature, T m is the temperature contact with Al‐coated TC4, L x is the latent heat of Al‐coated TC4, L m is the latent heat of AZ91D melt, C m is the specific heat of AZ91D, and H 1 is the superheat of AZ91D melt, which can be calculated by …”