Fourier Transform Infrared and Solid State 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Characterization of Defatted Cottonseed Meal-Based Biochars

He, Zhongqi; Guo, Mingxin; Fortier, Chanel; Cao, Xiaoyan; Schmidt‐Rohr, Klaus

doi:10.5539/mas.v15n1p108

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 63 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…further characterized the FT-IR spectral response of these byproducts to differing pyrolysis temperatures and developed a simple three-band algorithm (R readings) per the multipoint averages of the band intensities at respective range of 1750 to 1500 cm -1 , 2000 to 1790 cm -1 , and 645 to 655 cm -1 for semi-qualitative comparison of biochar formation. Although did not report any clear correlations between the R reading and pyrolysis temperature of the four types of plant biomass biochars they generated, a recent work (He et al, 2021b) computed the R readings of the seven CSM-based biochars prepared at pyrolysis temperatures from 300 to 600 °C. They found the simple R readings of the biochars linearly related to the pyrolysis temperature, indicating pyrolysis temperature as a key factor affecting the readings.…”

Section: Ft-ir Characterization Of Cottonseed Protein Structures and ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis in Applied Cotton Fiber and Cottonseed Research: A Review

He¹,

Liu²

2021

JCS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cotton, one of the most important and widely grown crops in the world, is a well-traded agricultural commodity primarily for textile fiber purposes. In addition, cottonseed (a byproduct of fiber production) has been used as an agro-based raw material for manufacturing bio-friendly and sustainable products. Qualitative and quantitative characterization of cotton biomass products/byproducts is an important research area for quality monitoring, improvement, and enhanced use. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy is a nondestructive instrumental technique widely used in applied cotton fiber and cottonseed research. This review synthesizes and analyzes the latest developments using FT-IR spectroscopy in investigation of cotton fiber and three cottonseed components (oil, meal/protein, hull) that are impacted by various genetic, cropping, post-harvest processing, and end-use parameters and conditions. Increased knowledge from this review could provide insight and vision in future FT-IR research for the chemistry and quality-evolving mechanisms of these cotton biomass products and their end-uses.

show abstract

Section: Ft-ir Characterization Of Cottonseed Protein Structures and ...mentioning

confidence: 97%

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis in Applied Cotton Fiber and Cottonseed Research: A Review

He¹,

Liu²

2021

JCS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Through correlation coefficient analysis, Waldrip et al [56] reported that the FT-IR intensities at 2917, 2846, and 1650 cm −1 were positively correlated (p ≤ 0.05) to certain C and N forms in cattle manure samples. A recent work [57] reported that an FT-IR three-band (1800, 1700, and 650 cm −1 ) R reading, developed for agricultural biomass-based biochars [58], were linearly related to the pyrolysis temperature in preparation of cottonseed meal-based biochars. Thus, in this work, we calculated the correlation coefficients between the two sets of data obtained from ATR FTIR and thermogravimetric analysis (Table 3).…”

Section: Correlation Analysis Of the Two Sets Of Atr Ft-ir And Thermomentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface and Thermal Characterization of Cotton Fibers of Phenotypes Differing in Fiber Length

Nam

Fang

et al. 2021

Polymers

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cotton is one of the most important and widely grown crops in the world. Understanding the synthesis mechanism of cotton fiber elongation can provide valuable tools to the cotton industry for improving cotton fiber yield and quality at the molecular level. In this work, the surface and thermal characteristics of cotton fiber samples collected from a wild type (WT) and three mutant lines (Li1, Li2-short, Li2-long, Li2-mix, and liy) were comparatively investigated. Microimaging revealed a general similarity trend of WT ≥ Li2-long ≈ Li2-mix > Li1 > Li2 short ≈ liy with Ca detected on the surface of the last two. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR FT-IR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric measurements also showed that Li2-short and liy were more similar to each other, and Li2-long and Li2-mix closer to WT while Li1 was quite independent. FT-IR results further demonstrated that wax and amorphous cellulose were co-present in fiber structures during the fiber formation processes. The correlation analysis found that the FT-IR-based maturity parameter was well correlated (p ≤ 0.05) to the onset decomposition temperature and all three weight-loss parameters at onset, peak, and end decomposition stages, suggesting that the maturity degree is a better parameter than crystallinity index (CI) and other FT-IR parameters that reflect the thermal stability of the cotton fiber. In summary, this work demonstrated that genetic mutation altered the surface and thermal characteristics in the same way for Li2-short and liy, but with different mechanisms for the other three mutant cotton fiber samples.

show abstract

“…On the other hand, the optimal roasting temperature would be lower than or around 140–150 °C in the first stage of drying or dehydration ( Figure 5 ) to reduce evaporation of some volatile flavor compounds [ 43 ]. The TG-FTIR spectra also confirmed that 350 to 500 °C were optimal pyrolysis temperatures of cottonseed kernels and their defatted residues (i. e., defatted meal or cake) for bio-oil and biochar production [ 55 , 80 , 87 ] with some flexibility of higher temperatures (e.g., 600–700 °C) [ 53 , 54 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Chemical Composition and Thermogravimetric Behaviors of Glanded and Glandless Cottonseed Kernels

Nam

Zhang

et al. 2022

Molecules

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Common “glanded” (Gd) cottonseeds contain the toxic compound gossypol that restricts human consumption of the derived products. The “glandless” (Gl) cottonseeds of a new cotton variety, in contrast, show a trace gossypol content, indicating the great potential of cottonseed for agro-food applications. This work comparatively evaluated the chemical composition and thermogravimetric behaviors of the two types of cottonseed kernels. In contrast to the high gossypol content (3.75 g kg−1) observed in Gd kernels, the gossypol level detected in Gl kernels was only 0.06 g kg−1, meeting the FDA’s criteria as human food. While the gossypol gland dots in Gd kernels were visually observed, scanning electron microcopy was not able to distinguish the microstructural difference between ground Gd and Gl samples. Chemical analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that Gl kernels and Gd kernels had similar chemical components and mineral contents, but the former was slightly higher in protein, starch, and phosphorus contents. Thermogravimetric (TG) processes of both kernels and their residues after hexane and ethanol extraction were based on three stages of drying, de-volatilization, and char formation. TG-FTIR analysis revealed apparent spectral differences between Gd and Gl samples, as well as between raw and extracted cottonseed kernel samples, indicating that some components in Gd kernels were more susceptible to thermal decomposition than Gl kernels. The TG and TG-FTIR observations suggested that the Gl kernels could be heat treated (e.g., frying and roasting) at an optimal temperature of 140–150 °C for food applications. On the other hand, optimal pyrolysis temperatures would be much higher (350–500 °C) for Gd cottonseed and its defatted residues for non-food bio-oil and biochar production. The findings from this research enhance the potential utilization of Gd and Gl cottonseed kernels for food applications.

show abstract

Fourier Transform Infrared and Solid State 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Characterization of Defatted Cottonseed Meal-Based Biochars

Cited by 9 publications

References 63 publications

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis in Applied Cotton Fiber and Cottonseed Research: A Review

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis in Applied Cotton Fiber and Cottonseed Research: A Review

Surface and Thermal Characterization of Cotton Fibers of Phenotypes Differing in Fiber Length

Chemical Composition and Thermogravimetric Behaviors of Glanded and Glandless Cottonseed Kernels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About