Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Applied to the Analysis of Ancient Manuscripts

Degradation Products from Naturally Aged Paper Leaves of a 16th‐Century‐Printed Book: A Spectrochemical Study

“…[16,17] The effects of oxidation reactions on cellulose and paper during artificial and natural ageing have been widely investigated by means of FTIR, UV/Vis and Raman analyses, aimed to understand the mechanism patterns. The carbonyl groups are either single ketones on C(2) and C(3) (which yield conjugated diketones in the next oxidation step) or aldehydes ending as carboxyl groups on C (6). The carbonyl groups are either single ketones on C(2) and C(3) (which yield conjugated diketones in the next oxidation step) or aldehydes ending as carboxyl groups on C (6).…”

Spectroscopic evaluation and characterization of different historical writing inks

“…The reasons for this destruction are not fully understood yet. It is believed that main degradation mechanism of paper degradation is following: inks prepared with different ingredients causes both acidic hydrolysis and catalyzed oxidation of cellulose [1][2][3][4][5]. The desire to conserve the paper necessitates the development of effective treatments methods, which can only be possible after determination of the chemical composition of inks [6,7].…”

Molecular Spectroscopy

“…Paper shows a characteristic infrared spectrum in the mid-infrared and near-infrared regions, depending on the source and age of the sample and this information can be used to categorise paper [Ali et al, 2001;Lang et al, 1998;Na et al, 2004;Sistach et al, 1998]. The ATR and diffuse reflectance sampling techniques are suitable for non-destructive examination of such materials.…”