Fourth Stokes Parameter in Polarimetric Passive Remote Sensing From Two-Layer Rough Surfaces

Abstract

Abstract-It has been demonstrated in previously published results that large fourth Stokes parameter may be generated from a rough surface over multi-layered media, where only the top interface is rough while the others are all flat boundaries. In this paper, we consider the four Stokes parameters in microwave emission from a two-layer rough surface. In this case, there are two rough boundaries. The rough surfaces vary in one horizontal direction so that the azimuthal asymmetry exists in the 3-D problem. Periodic boundary conditions were assumed. The results are compared with the previously published results from a rough surface over multi-layered media. It is shown that the "two-layer" periodic rough surfaces can reduce the vertical and horizontal brightness temperatures remarkably; the interactions between the two rough surfaces also enhance the third and fourth Stokes parameters, which disappear in new structure for the large dips in the vertical and horizontal brightness temperatures presented in the former Sastrugi structure. In particular, the fourth Stokes parameter can be larger than that in previous layered structure. In addition, for the case of sinusoidal rough surface without large slope with snow's permittivities, the top boundary rough only layered structure cannot support the large third and fourth Stokes parameters any longer while 126Xu, Tsang, and Chen the two-layer rough surface structure can do still up to −34 K and 15 K, respectively. It is also found that the reason resulting in the large fourth Stokes parameter is caused by relative magnitude of permittivities of the two layers, all cases with large fourth Stokes parameter should satisfy the upper layer's permittivity larger than the lower one due to total internal reflection from the lower layer.

An Investigation on Numerical Characterization of Scattering From Target in a Dielectric Rough Soil Surface

“…The presented scheme is meaningful for the topics related with the composite scattering characteristics extraction, passive remote sensing and electromagnetic inverse scattering problem, most of which are carried out based on the acquisition of plenty of calculated data under multi-parameters in a more efficient extent. Based on this scheme, our future work will focus on the further investigation of the buried object detection [35] and passive remote sensing [36], owning to their potential application in ground-penetrating radar, military, landmine detection, and environment remote sensing etc.…”

Higher Order Method of Moments for Bistatic Scattering From 2d Pec Rough Surface With Geometric Modeling by Nurbs Surface

“…Electromagnetic (EM) wave scattering from the rough surface has been extensively studied over the past decades and is a popular topic to researchers [1][2][3][4], for its important role in surface physics, satellite remote sensing, radar data interpretation and signal processing problems. There have been many methods to solve this scattering problem such as the methods based on the approximate analytical method and the numerical methods from the Maxwell's equations.…”