Foveolar cell hyperplasia at the pyloric canal: an unusual cause of gastric outlet obstruction in 3 young children

Gastric hamartoma of the pylorus in an infant

“…Furthermore, Brunner glands generally occur in adults (fifth to sixth decades of life) in the first portion of duodenum [11]. Foveolar cell hyperplasia can present as a gastric outlet obstruction [12]. Thickening and elongation of the gastric foveolae at the antrum can form a pedunculated mass that obstructs the pyloric channel.…”

Pediatric Helicobacter pylori gastropathy demonstrates a unique pattern of gastric foveolar hyperplasia

“…17 However, no consensus establishing objective, quantitative diagnostic criteria has been published. Thus, the morphologic characteristics defining FH in children with H. pylori gastritis 11 and with non-H. pylori gastropathy (NHPG) [18][19][20][21] are not congruent. This study applies an objective, reproducible approach, previously utilized to characterize FH in adult endoscopic biopsies, 22,23 to analyze pediatric H. pylori and NHPG tissue.…”

Sonography of the Pediatric Gastrointestinal System

“…After feeding the baby water, it can be helpful to place the patient in the right lateral decubitus position to facilitate the passage of water through the pyloric channel. 4 On its own, PFH is a rare condition, but a recent study showed that PFH is relatively common in children with IHPS and can be the cause for postoperative vomiting. The length of the hypertrophied canal is variable and has a lower limit of as little as 12 mm, although using 15 mm as pathologic limit provides a higher accuracy.…”

“…1,3 This thickening of the antropyloric canal can be a transient phenomenon caused by peristaltic activity or pylorospasm, but in patients without IHPS, this thickening typically does not exceed 3 mm at any given point in time. 4 Differentiation from pylorospasm can be made with dynamic imaging because again normal passage of gastric contents is absent. 1).…”