Fox faeces and vole distribution on a local range: ecological data in a parasitological perspective for<i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i>

Guislain, Marie-Hélène; Raoul, Francis; Giraudoux, Patrick

doi:10.1051/parasite/2007144299

Cited by 26 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Instead, it can be hypothesised that the high infection level was the result of a sustainable high fox population density. Indeed, the fox density estimated using distance-sampling method varied between 3 and 4 individuals/km 2 (Guislain et al, 2007), which were the highest values recorded with the same protocol among 12 sites in northeast France (Ruette et al, 2003). Additionally, Reperant et al (2009) showed in the city of Geneva, that in the part where sarcoptic mange was present (and accordingly lower fox density) the E. multilocularis prevalence in A. scherman was significantly lower.…”

Section: Definitive Host Population Density and E Multilocularis Tramentioning

confidence: 92%

“…There, medium-height vegetation edges and road banks were habitats where the density of A. scherman and M. arvalis was higher. If we assume that the proportion of infected faeces is not habitat-dependent and the microclimatic conditions are favourable to egg survival, then the risk of parasite transmission to intermediate hosts should be higher in these two micro-scale habitats (Guislain et al, 2007). In the Jura Mountains, E. multilocularis prevalence in rodents was very low on a regional scale (approximately 1‰) (Giraudoux et al, 2002).…”

Section: Countryside Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The existence of at least two density-dependent mechanisms acting on the control of the parasite transmission dynamics is described: one is based on the variations in the availability of resources including intermediate hosts (Rausch, 1995;Saitoh and Takahashi, 1998;Miterpakova et al, 2006;Tanner et al, 2006;Hegglin et al, 2007;Guislain et al, 2008;Robardet et al, 2008;Raoul et al, 2010;Stien et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2010;Liccioli et al, 2014), and the other is based on the variations in the density of the definitive host and in their faeces distribution (Ewald, 1993;Raoul et al, 2003;Guislain et al, 2007;Wang et al, 2010). However, we are clearly missing data to predict under which conditions the control of E. multilocularis transmission switches from being dominated by intermediate host density to being dominated by definitive host density, and vice-versa, in space and/or in time.…”

Section: Synthesis and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The investigation of the definitive hosts' activity patterns and defecation behaviour in different landscapes suggested spatial overlap between favoured red fox defecation locations and intermediate host distribution, leading to possible micro-local hotspots of parasite transmission to intermediate hosts in a landscape (Delattre et al, 1988;LePesteur et al, 1992;Giraudoux et al, 2002;Guislain et al, 2007;Robardet et al, 2011). Additionally, a high spatial and temporal variability in dog faeces density was recorded in Asian study sites where pastoralism is the main activity (China, Kyrgyzstan), with a strong infection pressure in the vicinity of households (Vaniscotte et al, 2011;Van Kesteren et al, 2013).…”

Section: Synthesis and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the endemic area of Ardennes (France), Guislain et al (2007) modelled the distribution of fox faeces on a local scale against several explanatory variables: site, month, precipitation, temperature, micro-scale habitat type and relative density of A. scherman and M. arvalis. The best-fit model retained the site, month, precipitation and micro-scale habitat variables.…”

Section: Countryside Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trophic ecology, behaviour and host population dynamics in Echinococcus multilocularis transmission

Raoul

Hegglin

Giraudoux

2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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The life cycle of the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis primarily involves canids and small mammals (rodents, lagomorphs) as definitive and intermediate hosts, respectively. Several surveys have identified marked temporal and geographical variations at different scales in the parasite's prevalence in both types of hosts, suggesting variations in the biological and ecological factors that control transmission processes. The parasite transmission from intermediate to definitive hosts is determined by the predator-prey relationship, which theoretically depends on prey population dynamics and the complex dietary response of predators to varying densities of prey species and other food items. Parasite eggs are transmitted to intermediate hosts via carnivore faeces, whose distribution in the environment is driven by the defecating behaviour of final hosts. We reviewed field-based studies that address issues related to the trophic ecology and behaviour of definitive hosts, interactions between definitive and intermediate hosts, and E. multilocularis transmission both in wild and domestic animals in rural and urban environments. Two density-dependent mechanisms control the transmission dynamics in definitive hosts: one is based on the variations in the availability of intermediate hosts, and the other is based on the variations in the density of the definitive host and its faeces. Non-linearity and the direct and delayed responses of definitive host contamination in relation to intermediate host population variations were recorded. The dietary response of the red fox was shown to be complex when abundant alternative resources were available (anthropogenic food, multiple intermediate host prey species). Micro-local hotspots of parasite transmission to intermediate hosts in a landscape, as well as areas of higher risk for human contamination in village and urban settings, may be explained by the definitive hosts' activity patterns and defecation behaviour.

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Section: Definitive Host Population Density and E Multilocularis Tramentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Countryside Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesis and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesis and Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Countryside Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trophic ecology, behaviour and host population dynamics in Echinococcus multilocularis transmission

Raoul

Hegglin

Giraudoux

2015

Veterinary Parasitology

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Impact of Climate Change on the Liver and GIT Parasitic Diseases

Elwakil

2023

Impact of Climate Change on Health in Africa

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Monitoring of environmental contamination by Echinococcus multilocularis in an urban fringe forest park in Hokkaido, Japan

Lagapa¹,

Oku

Kaneko

et al. 2009

Environ Health Prev Med

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Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of Echinococcus multilocularis environmental contamination in an urban fringe-the Nopporo forest park of Sapporo city, Hokkaido, Japan. A secondary aim was to determine possible transmission risks areas by associating percentage occurrence of E. multilocularis-positive faeces with the different land-use classes. Methods Wild fox faeces collected from the environment were examined by intravital methods, such as the taeniid egg sucrose floatation technique, E. multilocularis coproantigen enzyme-linked immunosorbent analysis and DNA test of taeniid eggs by PCR. Geospatial maps produced by the Global Positioning System and Landsat data were analysed using geographic information system software to determine the association between percentage occurrences of E. multilocularis-positive fox faeces and land-use classes. Results Our findings showed high prevalence rates in both E. multilocularis egg and coproantigen-positive faeces (16 and 49%, respectively) in the investigated urban fringe forest park. Data revealed that percentage occurrence of E. multilocularis-positive fox faeces was associated with land-use classes, such as forest and open field (P \ 0.05). Conclusions We conclude that Nopporo forest park in the urban fringe of Sapporo city, Hokkaido is a reservoir with a high prevalence of zoonotic infective agents for alveolar echinococcosis. Our findings suggest that interface habitats between forests or woodlands and open fields are indispensable for continued maintenance of the life-cycle of E. multilocularis and, as such, constitute high risk areas for echinococcosis transmission.

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Fox faeces and vole distribution on a local range: ecological data in a parasitological perspective forEchinococcus multilocularis

Cited by 26 publications

References 43 publications

Trophic ecology, behaviour and host population dynamics in Echinococcus multilocularis transmission

Trophic ecology, behaviour and host population dynamics in Echinococcus multilocularis transmission

Impact of Climate Change on the Liver and GIT Parasitic Diseases

Monitoring of environmental contamination by Echinococcus multilocularis in an urban fringe forest park in Hokkaido, Japan

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