Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes liver failure, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The FOXP3 gene polymorphisms, the rs2232365 A/G and the rs3761548 A/C, were identified to be associated with regulatory T cell-mediated immunosuppression. The response to HBV infection may be affected by FOXP3 polymorphisms. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between FOXP3 gene polymorphisms and chronic HBV infection risk. Methods: FOXP3 gene polymorphisms were explored in 237 chronic HBV patients and in 237 individuals with HBV spontaneous clearance using a real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results:The patients with rs2232365 AG and rs3761548 AC genotype had a 1.20and a 1.58-fold greater HBV risk than non-carriers patients, although they were not significant. Moreover, the AA genotypes of both polymorphisms in the males and females had an increased the persistent HBV risk, although this also was not statistically significant.
Conclusions:In conclusion, the present study is the first report to demonstrate that these polymorphisms have no effect on the risk of chronic HBV infection. This results suggest that FOXP3 gene polymorphisms and FOXP3 expression should be evaluated together with frequency of regulatory T cells in HBV infection.Evidence has shown that an increased frequency of circulating Treg cells causes the negative regulation of a functional CD8 + T cell response by suppressing the CD4 + T cell response, with consequent development of chronic HBV infection. 9 FOXP3 (Forkhead Box P3), a transcription factor, is a primary protein for the activation and development of Treg cells that have suppressor ability with respect to the immune response. 10 The FOXP3 gene is on chromosome Xp11.23.The FOXP3 gene has functional polymorphic domains located in DNA-binding sites of the promoter region, and their presence may affect FOXP3 gene expression. Accordingly, the activation and development of Treg cells may be impaired. 11,12 These polymorphisms in the promoter of the FOXP3 gene, the rs2232365 A/G and the rs3761548 A/C, have been associated with various diseases, including autism, 12 allergic rhinitis, 13 vitiligo, 14 multiple sclerosis, 15 hepatocellular carcinoma and non-small cell lung cancer. 16 However, to date, there are no studies available concerning the influence of the FOXP3 polymorphisms on CHB infection. Although a few important studies have investigated FOXP3 expression in HBV infection and HBVrelated diseases, FOXP3 gene polymorphisms have not yet been investigated in HBV infection. 17-19 The presernt study aimed to clarify the relationship between CHB infection risk and FOXP3 gene (rs2232365 A/G, rs3761548 A/C) polymorphisms. These polymorphisms were explored in 237 patients with HBV infection and in 237 individuals with HBV spontaneous clearance using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in a Turkish population. provided their written informed consent concerning the use of their blood specimen for this research. The work was carried out in accordance with th...