FPGA Implementation of ARM Processor

Abstract

Nowadays application specific soft processor cores are gaining importance for FPGA based embedded application in which user can configure the processor as per requirement. The architectural simplicity of ARM processors makes them suitable for low power applications. Hardware description languages (HDLs) are commonly used to construct hardware system. FPGA provides reconfigurable platform, so reuse of the design is a common practice to improve the productivity nowadays. In this paper the data processing instructions of ARM processor are implemented using Very high speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL) language and verified by applying test bench on Xilinx's Spartan III based FPGA.KEYWORDS: ARM, VHDL, FPGA, data processing instructions. I.INTRODUCTIONThe Arm processor has large uniform register file, load/store architecture, where data-processing operations only operate on register contents, not directly on memory contents. Simple addressing modes, with all load/store addresses being determined from register contents and instruction fields only Uniform and fixed-length instruction fields to simplify instruction decode [5]. The ARM processor has been specifically designed to be small to reduce power consumption and extend battery operation.The ARM architecture gives Control over both Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and shifter in every data-processing instruction to maximize the use of an ALU and a shifter Load and Store multiple to maximize data throughput. These enhancements to a basic RISC architecture allow ARM processors to achieve a good balance of high performance, small code size and low power consumption.[4] The FPGA based design reduces time to market & adds design flexibility and adaptability with optimal device utilization and conserving both less board space and system power, which is often not the possible in every case of ASIC chips. [3] In following this line of thought, this paper summarizes our recent progress in developing VHDL soft-core of ARM processor on Xilinx's Spartan III based FPGA. An advantage of implementing a full-featured ARM processor soft-core on FPGA is complete hardware customization while implementing various applications. II. RELATED WORKThe hardware debugging technology is integrated in ARM processor so that programmers can view what is happening during execution of code by processor. With this programmers can resolve issues very quickly and reduce time to market and overall development cost. The ARM is not pure RISC architecture because of various limitations of applications in embedded system. Nowadays Speed is not major constraint but power consumption and cost effective solutions are also playing vital role [1] [2]. In [1] ARM soft processor core were implemented in the context of FPGA based multiprocessor based SOC applications. All the 32-bit instructions were implemented with single cycle data path and random logic based instruction decoder. The instructions of Data processing, Arithmetic, Branch instructions, Logical and compare were implem...

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