Fractal measures in activity patterns: Do gastrointestinal parasites affect the complexity of sheep behaviour?

Burgunder, Jade; Petrželková, Klára J.; Modrý, David; Kato, Akiko; MacIntosh, Andrew J. J.

doi:10.1016/j.applanim.2018.05.014

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…It has also been described that these patterns viewed over time, seen as the complexity of behaviour, may be considered as an indicator of stress as a result of health and welfare challenges ( Alados et al, 1996 ). Recently it was shown that sheep naturally infected with strongylids exhibited a smaller behavioural complexity ( Burgunder et al, 2018 ), providing evidence for the possibility to use behavioural observations as a method for welfare monitoring of GIN infected animals. However, this lies beyond the scope of the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nematode parasitism on activity patterns in first-season grazing cattle

Högberg

Lidfors

Hessle

et al. 2019

Veterinary Parasitology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nematode parasitism on activity patterns in first-season grazing cattle

Högberg

Lidfors

Hessle

et al. 2019

Veterinary Parasitology

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“…Sensor systems can detect a variety of infectious diseases, metabolic disorders and lameness. For example, sensors have been shown to detect changes in the locomotion and lying and/or feeding behaviours in cattle or sheep affected by mastitis [ 31 , 32 , 33 ], metritis [ 34 ], ketosis [ 35 ], lameness [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], respiratory disease [ 40 ], gastrointestinal parasites [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ] or a clinical disease in general [ 46 ]. Several of the conditions can also be detected at an earlier stage than by manual monitoring, even before the onset of clinical signs.…”

Section: Sensor Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Welfare Implications of Digital Tools for Monitoring and Management of Cattle and Sheep on Pasture

Herlin

Brunberg

Hultgren

et al. 2021

Animals

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The opportunities for natural animal behaviours in pastures imply animal welfare benefits. Nevertheless, monitoring the animals can be challenging. The use of sensors, cameras, positioning equipment and unmanned aerial vehicles in large pastures has the potential to improve animal welfare surveillance. Directly or indirectly, sensors measure environmental factors together with the behaviour and physiological state of the animal, and deviations can trigger alarms for, e.g., disease, heat stress and imminent calving. Electronic positioning includes Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) for the recording of animals at fixed points. Positioning units (GPS) mounted on collars can determine animal movements over large areas, determine their habitat and, somewhat, health and welfare. In combination with other sensors, such units can give information that helps to evaluate the welfare of free-ranging animals. Drones equipped with cameras can also locate and count the animals, as well as herd them. Digitally defined virtual fences can keep animals within a predefined area without the use of physical barriers, relying on acoustic signals and weak electric shocks. Due to individual variations in learning ability, some individuals may be exposed to numerous electric shocks, which might compromise their welfare. More research and development are required, especially regarding the use of drones and virtual fences.

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“…A few studies have endeavoured to use such activity classifiers to investigate behavioural patterns, usually associated with a particular context, e.g., to detect the effect of opioids on sheep behaviour [21], to monitor change in behaviour during parturition events [20,22], and detection of lameness [23,24]. In the field of parasitology, helminth worms have been associated with daily changes in sheep lying time [25] and increased irregularity in activity patterns [26], as measured by accelerometers. The current authors found that sub-clinically parasitised sheep reduced their overall activity compared to uninfected controls [27] using an ultra-light weight acceleration sensor (Actigraph wGT3X-BT ® , LLC, Pensacola, FL, USA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Are Sheep Doing? Tri-Axial Accelerometer Sensor Data Identify the Diel Activity Pattern of Ewe Lambs on Pasture

Ikurior

Marquetoux

Leu

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Monitoring activity patterns of animals offers the opportunity to assess individual health and welfare in support of precision livestock farming. The purpose of this study was to use a triaxial accelerometer sensor to determine the diel activity of sheep on pasture. Six Perendale ewe lambs, each fitted with a neck collar mounting a triaxial accelerometer, were filmed during targeted periods of sheep activities: grazing, lying, walking, and standing. The corresponding acceleration data were fitted using a Random Forest algorithm to classify activity (=classifier). This classifier was then applied to accelerometer data from an additional 10 ewe lambs to determine their activity budgets. Each of these was fitted with a neck collar mounting an accelerometer as well as two additional accelerometers placed on a head halter and a body harness over the shoulders of the animal. These were monitored continuously for three days. A classification accuracy of 89.6% was achieved for the grazing, walking and resting activities (i.e., a new class combining lying and standing activity). Triaxial accelerometer data showed that sheep spent 64% (95% CI 55% to 74%) of daylight time grazing, with grazing at night reduced to 14% (95% CI 8% to 20%). Similar activity budgets were achieved from the halter mounted sensors, but not those on a body harness. These results are consistent with previous studies directly observing daily activity of pasture-based sheep and can be applied in a variety of contexts to investigate animal health and welfare metrics e.g., to better understand the impact that young sheep can suffer when carrying even modest burdens of parasitic nematodes.

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Fractal measures in activity patterns: Do gastrointestinal parasites affect the complexity of sheep behaviour?

Cited by 35 publications

References 92 publications

Effects of nematode parasitism on activity patterns in first-season grazing cattle

Effects of nematode parasitism on activity patterns in first-season grazing cattle

Animal Welfare Implications of Digital Tools for Monitoring and Management of Cattle and Sheep on Pasture

What Are Sheep Doing? Tri-Axial Accelerometer Sensor Data Identify the Diel Activity Pattern of Ewe Lambs on Pasture

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