Fractal microstrip patch antennas for dual-band and triple-band wireless applications

Abstract

In this paper, the design and development of dual-band and triple-band fractal microstrip patch antennas with enhanced gain are presented. The structure is based on the Sierpinski carpet fractal, where the multiband functionality is achieved by applying the fractal iteration technique. The fractal antenna characteristics along with analysis of the reflection coefficient and the radiation patterns for each iteration are presented. The dual-band fractal microstrip patch antenna (DBFMPA) is operating at 4.9 and 5.3 GHz and the triple-band fractal microstrip patch antenna (TBFMPA) is operating at 2.4, 5.3, and 5.9 GHz. The defected ground structure (DGS) and a reflector plane is utilized for enhancing the gain of the antenna. Design and optimization of the DBFMPA and TBFMPA are done using the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio Suite. The presented DBFMPA and TBFMPA are suitable for industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) wireless applications.

Design and analysis of square shape slot cut high gain Sierpinski carpet fractal antenna for wireless applications

“…Bandwidth variations 7.1%, 2.7%, to 4.56, 7.9%, 12.13%, and 4.6%, respectively. The proposed antenna shows better results concerning previous iterations and base paper 19 and other published work 20–22 as per Tables 2 and 3, which shows bandwidth percentages of 4%, 6%–2.096%, 1.498%, and 4.25%. And the proposed antenna follows the characteristics of a fractal antenna as obtained multi‐band.…”

Dual‐band compact split‐ring resonator‐shaped fractal antenna with defected ground plane for sub‐6‐GHz 5G and global system for mobile communication applications

“…2 illustrates the comparison of various dual-band antennas from the literature where it is observed that the proposed fractal antenna achieves low profile, satisfactory gain, and application bands not covered by other antennas, especially in the sub-6-GHz 5G regime. The physical size of the antennas reported in previous studies 6,[20][21][22]24,26,27 is quite larger compared to the proposed one whereas the antenna in previous studies 20,22,25,27 have lower impedance bandwidth for the dual-band operations. The antenna in Karimbu Vallappil et al 21 and Nhlengethwa and Kumar 27 has inferior gain and bandwidth in comparison to the designed fractal antenna.…”

“…The physical size of the antennas reported in previous studies 6,[20][21][22]24,26,27 is quite larger compared to the proposed one whereas the antenna in previous studies 20,22,25,27 have lower impedance bandwidth for the dual-band operations. The antenna in Karimbu Vallappil et al 21 and Nhlengethwa and Kumar 27 has inferior gain and bandwidth in comparison to the designed fractal antenna.…”

A New Approach for Calculation of Metamaterial Printed Fractal Antenna Using Galerkin’s Method

“…In future research, we propose to develop a mathematical approach to study the performance of the proposed fractal antenna using fractal distribution of metamaterial structures [7,28,29].…”

“…Dual-band and triple-band fractal patch antennas were proposed in [7]. e structure was based on the Sierpinski carpet fractal, while a defected ground structure and a reector plane were utilized for enhancing the gain of the antenna [7].…”