Fractal properties of the trabecular pattern of the mandible in chronic renal failure

Abstract

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate fractal analysis as a tool to quantitatively determine the mandibular trabecular bone changes in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Methods: In the present study, fractal analysis was performed using ImageJ (National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD) program with box-counting method over panoramic radiographs of 25 patients (14 females and 11 males) with CRF and 26 healthy individuals (14 females and 12 males) as a control group. The fractal dimension (FD) values of the patients and healthy individuals were compared. In addition, average biochemical parameters [parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), product of Ca and P levels (CaxP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), vitamin D] of the patients with CRF, as measured during the 3 months before the panoramic radiographs, were compared with FD values. Results: According to the results, FD values of the patients with CRF were found to be statistically lower than the control group (p , 0.05). The average PTH levels of the patients with CRF were 416.16 ± 310.3 pg ml 21 ; average Ca levels were 8.94 ± 1.2 mg dl 21 ; average P levels were 5.76 ± 1.7 mg dl 21 ; average CaxP values were 51.12 ± 15.03; average ALP levels were 83.44 ± 36.8 U l 21 ; and the average vitamin D values were 19.43 ± 9.7 ng ml 21 . In addition, there was no significant correlation between FD values and the biochemical parameters of the patients, and there was no correlation between age, gender and FD. Conclusions: The FD values of the patients with CRF were lower than those of the controls. This finding suggests that FD analysis might be a promising simple and cost-effective tool for evaluating trabecular bone structure.

Mandibular Regional Odontodysplasia in an 8-year-old Boy showing Teeth Disorders, Gubernaculum Tracts, and Altered Bone Fractal Pattern

“…Presently, fractal dimension was calculated by the box-counting method as published by White and Rudolph. 22 It has been demonstrated that this methodology is able to show differences in bone density on panoramic radiographs of patients with osteoporosis, 42 43 hyperparathyroidism, 44 sickle cell anemia, 45 chronic kidney disease, 46 and osteogenesis imperfecta. 47 Apparently, it is the first study using fractal analysis for characterization purposes in a mandibular case of OR.…”

Evaluation of bone texture imaging parameters on panoramic radiographs of patients with Sheehan’s syndrome: a STROBE-compliant case-control study

“…48 Pothuaud et al 14 The present study adopted fractal analysis as a method for estimating mandibular trabecular texture since it represents a mathematical method useful for analysing complex structures such as the trabecular bone. 33,35 It is commonly used to describe the texture roughness and characterize the high degree of complexity of fractal objects by a repetition of self-similarity of the texture grey-level variations over different scales. 36,49 Although the Image J, a freely downloaded programme obtained from the National Institutes of Health, has been commonly selected as a software to calculate fractal dimension on panoramic radiographs, we processed the images by using MATLAB R2016a to customize a computer program for obtaining measures of fractal dimension, lacunarity and some trabecular architecture morphologic features in panoramic radiographs based on previous studies.…”

“…20,21 Fractal analysis is a non-invasive imaging tool to obtain data regarding bone microarchitecture, and it has been used in several studies in the field of dentomaxillofacial radiology. [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] In endocrine pathologies, fractal analysis and other textural imaging tools (e.g., lacunarity and morphologic aspects) have been proposed to evaluate osteoporosis, 19,[30][31][32] osteogenesis imperfecta, 33 hyperparathyroidism, 34 chronic renal failure, 35 sickle cell anemia, 36 and diabetes mellitus. 37 To date, there are no published reports evaluating these parameters in panoramic radiographs of SSH individuals.…”

Reparação alveolar pós-exodôntica em indivíduos com insuficiência renal crônica submetidos à hemodiálise

“…Essa disparidade foi atribuída a diferenças nos locais anatômicos estudados e diferenças nos métodos usados para obter as Desde então, no campo da odontologia, a DF representa uma excelente ferramenta para estudar o padrão ósseo trabecular. Essa análise tem sido utilizada para o estudo de doenças que exibem alterações ósseas, doenças metabólicas e doenças que interferem na densidade óssea, como a osteoporose,83,92 talassemia maior,93 DM tipo 1 e 2,94 câncer de mama em terapia com inibidores de aromatase,95 osteogênese imperfeita em terapia com pamidronato 96 e IRC,97 por meio de radiografias periapicais, radiografias panorâmicas e tomografia computadorizada. simples e econômica para avaliação da estrutura óssea trabecular em indivíduos com IRC.…”

“…Os resultados encontrados neste estudo podem ser justificados pela possível presença de DMO-IRC nos pacientes avaliados e apesar de não termos encontrado correlação entre os valores de cálcio total, fosfatase alcalina e PTH, acredita-se que o somatório desses fatores esteja diretamente relacionado a diferença significativamente menor da DF e IP no GE.Os menores aumentos da DF e IP podem também ser explicados pelas alterações trabeculares relacionadas à IRC, com diminuição no número e aumento de lacunas entre trabéculas, levando a diminuição na complexidade e densidade da estrutura. Essas alterações já foram verificadas no osso trabecular em análise da estrutura óssea por meio de microtomografia computadorizada e sua associação com a IRC 97. Assim, alterações como espessamento e reabsorção nas trabéculas,…”