Fractals in Affective and Anxiety Disorders

Iglesias-Parro, Sergio; Soriano, María Felipa; Ibáñez-Molina, Antonio J.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3995-4_29

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…It has been found that nonlinear indices show changes more clearly and distinctly, which again confirms that nonlinear indices more accurately represent the complex behaviors of biological signals. [ 31 ] This study showed that the changes of the nonlinear indices were similar to the changes of the relative power of the Beta band frequency[ 22 ] that indicated signal complexity was significantly reduced, especially in the frontal channels. Previous studies have shown that changes in the Theta, Beta, and Gamma band frequencies are positively correlated to changes in nonlinear indices that indicate signal complexity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Complexity of Electroencephalographic Signal Decreases during the Social Stress

Hatef¹,

Barzegar²,

Jahromi³

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Signals &Amp; Sensors

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Social stress affects brain function. Trier social stress test (TSST) is a standard test to assess it. The study aimed to analyze the electroencephalographic (EEG) recording during and after TSST in healthy subjects. The EEG signals of 44 healthy men participating in the study were recorded in the control condition, during and after TSST and after 30 min of recovery. Salivary cortisol (SC) and the Emotional Visual Analog Scale (EVAS) score were measured in the control condition, after TSST, and after the recovery period. The false discovery rate correction was used to control the false positive of significance in EEG. In the comparison control condition, the SC and EVAS levels significantly increased after TSST. The relative Delta band frequency significantly increased during TSST. On the other hand, the Beta bands and, in less amount, the Theta and Gamma 1 (30–40 Hz) oscillations decreased, especially in the frontal region. The nonlinear features such as, approximate and spectral entropy, Katz fractal dimension behaved like Beta band oscillation. All changes returned to baseline after TSST except the increase of Katz in the F3 channel after the recovery period. Thus, stress on EEG increased low frequency (1–4 Hz), decreased high frequency (13–40 Hz), and complexity indices during TSST.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 18 19 ] The studied nonlinear indices included sample entropy (SampEn) and approximate entropy (AppEn) in the time domain,[ 18 20 ] spectral entropy (SpEn) in the frequency domain,[ 21 ] and the fractal dimension of Petrosian and Katz. [ 22 ] All indices were calculated for both open and closed eyes separately.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complexity of Electroencephalographic Signal Decreases during the Social Stress

Hatef¹,

Barzegar²,

Jahromi³

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Signals &Amp; Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A similarly subtle and flexible methodology is applied at the Complex Mind Lab of the University of Jaén (Spain), in which the Departments of Psychology and Experimental Biology are involved. For data modeling and analysis of brain activity, the specialists of the Complex Mind Lab use non-linear analyses of the EEG signal when working with patients displaying various other alterations of consciousness (Ibáñez-Molina and Iglesias-Parro, 2014, Esteban et al, 2018;Ruiz de Miras et al, 2019;Soler-Toscano et al, 2022;Iglesias-Parro et al, 2023).…”

Section: E Cognition Aristotle and Neurophysiological Phenomena Relat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Consciousness, 4E cognition and Aristotle: a few conceptual and historical aspects

Stanciu

2023

Front. Comput. Neurosci.

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The new approach in cognitive science largely known as “4E cognition” (embodied/embedded/enactive/extended cognition), which sheds new light on the complex dynamics of human consciousness, seems to revive some of Aristotle's views. For instance, the concept of “nature” (phusis) and the discussion on “active intellect” (nous poiêtikos) may be particularly relevant in this respect. Out of the various definitions of “nature” in Aristotle's Physics, On the Parts of Animals and Second Analytics, I will concentrate on nature defined as an inner impulse to movement, neither entirely “corporeal,” nor entirely “incorporeal,” and neither entirely “substantial,” nor entirely “accidental.” Related to that, I will consider the distinction in On the Soul between the “active” and the “passive” intellect, which Aristotle asserted as generally present in “nature” itself. By offering a conceptual and historical analysis of these views, I intend to show how the mind–body problem, which is essential for the explanation of consciousness, could be somewhat either eluded or transcended by both ancients and contemporaries on the basis of a subtle account of causation. While not attempting to diminish the impact of the Cartesian paradigm, which led to the so-called “hard problem of consciousness,” I suggest that the most recent neuroscience discoveries on the neurophysiological phenomena related to human consciousness could be better explained and understood if interpreted within a 4E cognition paradigm, inspired by some Aristotelian views.

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“…211 Reduction of MEG-determined complexity correlated with pharmacologically-induced remission of depressive symptoms. 195 In summary, a healthy psyche is related to a certain degree of age-dependent complexity in brain activity, 212 which can be measured with nonlinear methods from different invasive, as well as noninvasive, recordings of neurophysiologic signals.…”

Section: Conceptualization Of Basal Ganglia Function Based On Nonlinear Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex Dynamics in the Basal Ganglia: Health and Disease Beyond the Motor System

Andres

Darbin

2018

JNP

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The rate and oscillatory hypotheses are the two main current frameworks of basal ganglia pathophysiology. Both hypotheses have emerged from research on movement disorders sharing similar conceptualizations. These pathological conditions are classified either as hypokinetic or hyperkinetic, and the electrophysiological hallmarks of basal ganglia dysfunction are categorized as prokinetic or antikinetic. Although nonmotor symptoms, including neurobehavioral symptoms, are a key manifestation of basal ganglia dysfunction, they are uncommonly accounted for in these models. In patients with Parkinson's disease, the broad spectrum of motor symptoms and neurobehavioral symptoms challenges the concept that basal ganglia disorders can be classified into two categories. The profile of symptoms of basal ganglia dysfunction is best characterized by a breakdown of information processing, accompanied at an electrophysiological level by complex alterations of spiking activity from basal ganglia neurons. The authors argue that the dynamics of the basal ganglia circuit cannot be fully characterized by linear properties such as the firing rate or oscillatory activity. In fact, the neuronal spiking stream of the basal ganglia circuit is irregular but has temporal structure. In this context, entropy was introduced as a measure of probabilistic irregularity in the temporal organization of neuronal activity of the basal ganglia, giving place to the entropy hypothesis of basal ganglia pathology. Obtaining a quantitative characterization of irregularity of spike trains from basal ganglia neurons is key to elaborating a new framework of basal ganglia pathophysiology.

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Fractals in Affective and Anxiety Disorders

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

The Complexity of Electroencephalographic Signal Decreases during the Social Stress

The Complexity of Electroencephalographic Signal Decreases during the Social Stress

Consciousness, 4E cognition and Aristotle: a few conceptual and historical aspects

Complex Dynamics in the Basal Ganglia: Health and Disease Beyond the Motor System

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