I would like to take this opportunity to thank everyone who helped and supported me in completing my thesis. First, I would like to thank Dr. Jo-Anne LeFevre, my supervisor, who provided me with ongoing guidance, support, care, patience, and excellent editing skills. I truly learned a lot from this process. I am very proud and honored to having worked with Dr. Jo-Anne LeFevre.Thanks to my thesis review committee of Dr. Monique Senechal and Dr. Beth MacLeod who offered constructive feedback and thoughtful questions. Thanks also to Dr. Chang Xu in the math lab who have patiently advised me on statistical methods and analysis. I would like to thank the LLAMA team as well, for organizing the LLAMA data and sharing the data with me, also for their continuous support. And finally, thanks to my family. My family was my greatest motivation in completing my master's degree. They supported me going back to school to do what I truly want to do, they are my biggest support both in my work and at home. Especially my husband, Victor, thanks for your love, patience, and support.