Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Teenagers and Adults with Atopic Dermatitis

Abstract

Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a non-invasive biomarker of eosinophilic airway inflammation and therapeutic response to corticosteroid treatment of respiratory diseases. Atopic dermatitis (AD), one of the most common allergic conditions of the skin, is a factor influencing the increase of FeNO. The main aim of this study was to determine differences between levels of FeNO in patients with AD and healthy controls as measured by an electrochemical analyzer. In total, 54 teenagers and adults with AD were recruited and compared with 34 healthy volunteers. The measurements of FeNO were taken using the Hyp’Air FeNO in participants. FeNO was statistically significantly higher in patients with AD than in healthy controls (60.5 ± 35.1 vs. 14.8 ± 5.1 ppb, p < 0.001). We found a strong positive significant correlation between FeNO and the number of positive skin prick tests among AD patients (R = 0.754, p < 0.001). There was no correlation between FeNO and duration of disease as well as SCORAD index among patients. Moreover, we also found no FeNO difference between the mild and moderate forms of AD. The presence of AD and the increasing number of positive skin prick tests increase FeNO, so the results of this measurement should be interpreted with caution in patients with respiratory diseases suffering from AD.

Effect of dupilumab on asthma and aeroallergen sensitization in pediatric atopic dermatitis patients: Results of the BioDay registry

“…Galinak et al. demonstrated significantly higher levels of FeNO in teenage and adult patients with AD compared to healthy controls 32 . Similarly, Van Asch et al.…”

“…Interestingly, FeNO, a biomarker for airway inflammation, was elevated in both patients with and without comorbid asthma. Previous studies have described elevated levels of FeNO in other type 2 inflammatory diseases 31–33 . Galinak et al.…”

“…demonstrated significantly higher levels of FeNO in teenage and adult patients with AD compared to healthy controls. 32 Similarly, Van Asch et al showed that elevated FeNO levels in young adults were individually associated with AD and AR. 33 Both active skin inflammation and comorbid AR may have contributed to high baseline FeNO levels in both asthmatic and non-asthmatic patients in our study.…”

“…Previous studies have described elevated levels of FeNO in other type 2 inflammatory diseases. [31][32][33] Galinak et al…”

Exploration on the use of abbreviations in Chinese medical journals as units of measurement: A case study of “ppb”

“…At the same time, we also searched the website of PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) using the keyword "fractional exhaled nitric oxide/FeNO". We found that the unit of FeNO is also expressed with "ppb" form, such as "FeNO levels usually rise above 25 ppb", [3] "FeNO was statistically significantly higher in patients with AD than in healthy controls (60.5 ± 35.1 vs. 14.8 ± 5.1 ppb, P < 0.001)", [4] "FeNO ≥ 25 ppb was significantly associated with mortality hazard ratio (HR) 0.094, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.034-0.260, P < 0.001", [5] and "Sixty-eight percent of the patients had FeNO values below 50 ppb". [6]…”