“…In addition to the model proposed in this paper, the models used for the comparative analysis also include other nine diferent types of discrete grey models with hyperparameters, which are LSSVR [32], CFDGM (1, 1) [33], FDGM (1, 1) [34], FNDGM (1, 1, k, c) [35], FDGMP (1, 1, N) [36], FDGM (1, 1, t α ) [37], FGDGMP (1, 1, N, α) [38], WDGM (1, 1) [39], and the FTDGM (1, 1) model [40]. Te reasons why these models are selected for comparative analysis are that they all belong to excellent prediction models and all contain hyperparameters, which make them have strong competitive ability.…”