Fractional treatment of spent scintillation cocktail with low level tritium by azeotropic distillation.

Nishikawa, Masabumi; Kotoh, Kenji; Koga, Keisuke; Katase, Akira

doi:10.3327/jnst.19.928

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…Solvent forms an azeotrope with water (azeotrope information from Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties and Nishikawa et al …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 The 18 solvents targeted for reclamation are listed in Table 1, grouped as nonpolar, polar aprotic, and polar protic types of solvents. Although these 18 solvents are only a small fraction of the many organic solvents used in industry, they represent Methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) a,b Tetrahydrofuran (THF) a Acetonitrile a,b N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) b a Solvent forms an azeotrope with water (azeotrope information from Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties 10 and Nishikawa et al 11 ). b Considered a Hazardous Air Pollutant (HAP) by the USEPA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review: membrane materials for the removal of water from industrial solvents by pervaporation and vapor permeation

Vane

2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

113

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Organic solvents are widely used in a variety of industrial sectors. Reclaiming and reusing the solvents may be the most economically and environmentally beneficial option for managing spent solvents. Purifying the solvents to meet reuse specifications can be challenging. For hydrophilic solvents, water must be removed prior to reuse, yet many hydrophilic solvents form hard‐to‐separate azeotropic mixtures with water. Such mixtures make separation processes energy‐intensive and cause economic challenges. The membrane processes pervaporation (PV) and vapor permeation (VP) can be less energy‐intensive than distillation‐based processes and have proven to be very effective in removing water from azeotropic mixtures. In PV/VP, separation is based on the solution–diffusion interaction between the dense permselective layer of the membrane and the solvent/water mixture. This review provides a state‐of‐the‐science analysis of materials used as the selective layer(s) of PV/VP membranes in removing water from organic solvents. A variety of membrane materials, such as polymeric, inorganic, mixed matrix, and hybrid, have been reported in the literature. A small subset of these is commercially available and highlighted here: poly (vinyl alcohol), polyimides, amorphous perfluoro polymers, NaA zeolites, chabazite zeolites, T‐type zeolites, and hybrid silicas. The typical performance characteristics and operating limits of these membranes are discussed. Solvents targeted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency for reclamation are emphasized and ten common solvents are chosen for analysis: acetonitrile, 1‐butanol, N,N‐dimethyl formamide, ethanol, methanol, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl tert‐butyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, acetone, and 2‐propanol. Published 2018. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.

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“…Solvent forms an azeotrope with water (azeotrope information from Handbook of Organic Solvent Properties and Nishikawa et al …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: membrane materials for the removal of water from industrial solvents by pervaporation and vapor permeation

Vane

2018

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Fractional treatment of spent scintillation cocktail with low level tritium by azeotropic distillation.

Cited by 1 publication

References 3 publications

Review: membrane materials for the removal of water from industrial solvents by pervaporation and vapor permeation

Review: membrane materials for the removal of water from industrial solvents by pervaporation and vapor permeation

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