Fractionation and geochemical mobility of heavy elements in soils of a mining area in northern Kosovo

Nannoni, Francesco; Protano, Giuseppe; Riccobono, Francesco

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2010.12.008

Cited by 121 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The latter (see Fig. 2) included the total content of As, Cd, Fe, Pb, Tl, and Zn after decomposition in aqua regia (Polish Standard PN-ISO 11466:2002), water leaching of the metals (liquid to solid ratio L/S = 10:1), the contents of Cl -, NO 3 -, PO 4 3-and SO 4 2-in soil water solutions (L/S = 10:1); the forms of occurrence of the heavy metals in specified steps of binding, according to the three-step BCR sequential extraction procedure (Quevauviller et al 1997;Nannoni et al 2011); and metal bioavailability using the 0.05 M EDTA extraction (L/S = 10:1) procedure. The contents of As, Cd, Fe, Pb, Tl, and Zn were determined with the ICP-MS apparatus (ELAN DRC-e Perkin Elmer) in triplicate and including blank samples, while the concentrations of Cl -, NO 3 -, PO 4 3-and SO 4 2-were established with the IC ion chromatography apparatus (DIONEX DX-100).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Metal-Content Changes in Soils on the Olkusz Zn–Pb Ore-Bearing Area, Poland

Gruszecka‐Kosowska

Kicińska

2017

Int J Environ Res

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Long-term changes of As, Cd, Fe, Pb, Tl, Zn, Cl -, SO 4 2-, and PO 4 2-contents were calculated in topsoil samples and soil profiles in the vicinity of the Zn-Pb mine and processing plant at Bukowno, Poland. Evaluations were based on research results obtained in 1994-2014. Soil was described on the basis of hand specimens for which the following were determined: active and potential pH, organic matter content, moisture content, buffer properties, total metal content (HCl?HNO 3 3:1), forms of binding metals (using the BCR sequential extraction procedure), metal bioavailability (extraction by the 0.05 M EDTA solution), and water leaching of metals. Soil contamination was determined by the contamination factor and the pollution load index. The potential environmental risk was determined by the risk assessment code (RAC). Twenty-year-long research demonstrated the trend of decreasing metal content in topsoil. The sampling sites, selected in close vicinity of the flotation tailings dump, showed increasing contents of As, Pb, and Cd. The metal content in soil profiles revealed a significant decrease with time. Metal bioavailability, tested in all soil samples, indicated that the exchangeable forms were carriers of mainly Cd (up to 83%), Zn (up to 72%), and Pb (up to 60%) (the proportions refer to total metal contents), whereas As, Fe, and Tl were bound either with hardly movable forms or remained in the extraction residuum. The RAC showed medium to high environmental risks in soils, caused by the presence of Cd, Zn, Pb, and Tl.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Metal-Content Changes in Soils on the Olkusz Zn–Pb Ore-Bearing Area, Poland

Gruszecka‐Kosowska

Kicińska

2017

Int J Environ Res

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“…Heavy metal pollution is mostly resistant to environmental conditions. Heavy metals have various ways to enter the food chain and accumulate in living organisms (O'Connell et al, 2008;Nannoni et al, 2011;Sprynskyy et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2013). Toxic heavy metals have a significant impact on environmental nutrient cycles and the quality of foodstuffs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of heavy metal mobility and availability by the BCR sequential extraction procedure: relationship between soil properties and heavy metals availability

Sungur

Soylak

Özcan

2014

Chemical Speciation & Bioavailability

248

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In this study, surface soil and corn cob samples were collected from 15 different agricultural fields of Çanakkale, Turkey. These samples were analysed to determine the concentration of Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. BCR sequential extraction was used to extract the binding forms of the metals in the soil samples. At the same time, a wet digestion method was used to determine the total concentration of heavy metals in soil and corn grain samples. The metal concentrations in the extracted phase were measured with flame atomic absorption spectrometer. The accuracy of the methods was confirmed by using BCR-701 and SRM1570a certified reference materials. The results revealed that the quantity of the mobile fractions (i.e., acid soluble, reducible, and oxidisable) of the Mn, Cd and Pb were higher than that of the immobile fractions (residual). This might be caused by the anthropogenic sources. Pearson's correlation was applied to determine the correlations between the selected physicochemical properties of soil samples and the amounts of heavy metals in each fraction. The pH, CaCO 3 and organic matter contents of soil samples played a dominant role in correlations of heavy metals in various forms and shapes. Hierarchical cluster analysis was applied to examine the relationships between the amount of heavy metal in each fraction of soil samples and the amount of heavy metal in corn grain. As a result, a firm correlation was detected between heavy metals in corn grain and more available (acid soluble and reducible) fractions. Current findings indicate that plants could uptake basically the heavy metals in acid soluble and reducible fractions. BCR sequential extraction not only provides information about potential heavy metal sources in detail and the potential mobility of heavy metals, but also provides information about the interactions between soil characteristics and metal fractions. This provides information on the bonding states of environmentally toxic metals (Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the soil matrix, the amounts taken by the plants, and the intrusion means and rates of those metals into the food chain.

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“…Mining activities and metal smelting are main sources of hazardous heavy metals that contaminate soils triggering international environment and health concerns [1,[8][9][10]. Mining and smelting processes discharge large quantities of heavy metals into the environment via wastewater, dust, tailings, and residues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies have assessed heavy metal mobility in soil by fractionating metals by mobility using sequential extraction procedures [1,9,19,20]. However, the translocation of heavy metals in soil at field-scale also depends on spatial variability of physical and chemical soil properties, and external conditions, such as rain, pH, and hydrodynamic force [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical Distribution and Mobility of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils along Jishui River Affected by Mining in Jiangxi Province, China

Liu

Xue

et al. 2014

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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The vertical distribution of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn and their mobility (except Cr) were investigated in ten agricultural soil cores, collected near non-ferrous metal mines and smelters along Jishui River, in Jiangxi Province, China. The surface soils near mines and smelters were contaminated by Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn, with concentrations higher than the guideline values of China. For most polluted sites, heavy metals were mainly retained in the surface soil (0-20 cm), and the contents of them became constant in deeper soil. In all soil cores, the mean content of Cr was lower than the guideline value of China. Correlation results between studied heavy metals and soil properties showed that heavy metal contents throughout the soil profile was mostly influenced by organic matter (OM), pH, and clay content. Particularly soil OM can significantly impact on transport of soil heavy metals. There were positive correlations of OM content with all studied heavy metals, and the correlations with Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn were significant or very significant. Heavy metal mobility in the studied region were assessed using a mobility index (MI) and mobility order was Cd ) Pb > Cu % Zn.

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Fractionation and geochemical mobility of heavy elements in soils of a mining area in northern Kosovo

Cited by 121 publications

References 30 publications

Long-Term Metal-Content Changes in Soils on the Olkusz Zn–Pb Ore-Bearing Area, Poland

Long-Term Metal-Content Changes in Soils on the Olkusz Zn–Pb Ore-Bearing Area, Poland

Investigation of heavy metal mobility and availability by the BCR sequential extraction procedure: relationship between soil properties and heavy metals availability

Vertical Distribution and Mobility of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils along Jishui River Affected by Mining in Jiangxi Province, China

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