Fractionation of N2O isotopomers during production by denitrifier

Toyoda, Sakae; Mutobe, Hidenori; Yamagishi, Hiroshi; Yoshida, Naohiro; Tanji, Yasunori

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.01.009

Cited by 278 publications

(430 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The wide range of bulk presented both in this study and by others confirms the difficulties in the use of bulk in N 2 O evolution analysis. Toyoda et al (2005) present contrasting results for SP of P. fluorescens (ATCC 13525) of 24.1 ‰. The result may, however, not be comparable to ours as Toyoda et al (2005) suspected an abiological reaction within the incubation flask to be responsible for N 2 O production in the incubation experiment.…”

Section: Comparison To Previous Studiescontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…Toyoda et al (2005) present contrasting results for SP of P. fluorescens (ATCC 13525) of 24.1 ‰. The result may, however, not be comparable to ours as Toyoda et al (2005) suspected an abiological reaction within the incubation flask to be responsible for N 2 O production in the incubation experiment. Our results for SP calculated during N 2 O production from both P. chlororaphis and P. fluorescens are in the same range as what has been reported previously.…”

Section: Comparison To Previous Studiescontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…Applying different incubation techniques on soils with different properties showed SP during production of N 2 O between −3 and 9 ‰ and between −0.9 and −8.2 ‰ during reduction (Well and Flessa, 2009a, b;Köster et al, 2013a;Lewicka-Szczebak et al, 2014. During production of N 2 O in bacterial culture experiments (involving P. chlororaphis, ATCC 43928; P. aureofaciens, ATCC 13985; and P. denitrificans, ATCC 17741), Thompson et al (2004), Toyoda et al (2005), Sutka and Ostrom (2006), and Ostrom and Ostrom (2011) found SP values of −27.4 and 1.3 ‰ and bulk values of between −42.6 and 36.7 ‰. The wide range of bulk presented both in this study and by others confirms the difficulties in the use of bulk in N 2 O evolution analysis.…”

Section: Comparison To Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuous measurements of nitrous oxide isotopomers during incubation experiments

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is an important and strong greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. It is produced by microbes during nitrification and denitrification in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The main sinks for N 2 O are turnover by denitrification and photolysis and photo-oxidation in the stratosphere. In the linear N=N=O molecule 15 N substitution is possible in two distinct positions: central and terminal. The respective molecules, 14 N 15 N 16 O and 15 N 14 N 16 O, are called isotopomers. It has been demonstrated that N 2 O produced by nitrifying or denitrifying microbes exhibits a different relative abundance of the isotopomers. Therefore, measurements of the site preference (difference in the abundance of the two isotopomers) in N 2 O can be used to determine the source of N 2 O, i.e., nitrification or denitrification. Recent instrument development allows for continuous positiondependent δ 15 N measurements at N 2 O concentrations relevant for studies of atmospheric chemistry. We present results from continuous incubation experiments with denitrifying bacteria, Pseudomonas fluorescens (producing and reducing N 2 O) and Pseudomonas chlororaphis (only producing N 2 O). The continuous measurements of N 2 O isotopomers reveals the transient isotope exchange among KNO 3 , N 2 O, and N 2 . We find bulk isotopic fractionation of −5.01 ‰ ± 1.20 for P. chlororaphis, in line with previous results for production from denitrification. For P. fluorescens, the bulk isotopic fractionation during production of N 2 O is −52.21 ‰ ± 9.28 and 8.77 ‰ ± 4.49 during N 2 O reduction.The site preference (SP) isotopic fractionation for P. chlororaphis is −3.42 ‰ ± 1.69. For P. fluorescens, the calculations result in SP isotopic fractionation values of 5.73 ‰ ± 5.26 during production of N 2 O and 2.41 ‰ ± 3.04 during reduction of N 2 O. In summary, we implemented continuous measurements of N 2 O isotopomers during incubation of denitrifying bacteria and believe that similar experiments will lead to a better understanding of denitrifying bacteria and N 2 O turnover in soils and sediments and ultimately hands-on knowledge on the biotic mechanisms behind greenhouse gas exchange of the globe.

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Section: Comparison To Previous Studiescontrasting

confidence: 78%

Section: Comparison To Previous Studiescontrasting

confidence: 78%

Section: Comparison To Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuous measurements of nitrous oxide isotopomers during incubation experiments

et al. 2018

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“…The isotopomer ratios of the collected gas samples were measured on an isotope-ratio monitoring mass spectrometer (MAT 252; Thermo Fisher Scientific K.K, Yokohama, Japan) using an online analytical system at the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan (Toyoda et al, 2005;.…”

Section: Isotopomer Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analyses of the intermolecular distributions of 15 N in N 2 O (isotopomers) are regarded as useful parameters to infer the predominant N 2 O production pathway (Wunderlin et al, 2013;Sutka et al, 2006;Toyoda et al, 2005;. Isotopomer ratios (site-specific N isotope ratios in asymmetric molecules of NNO) give us qualitative information on N 2 O production and consumption pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Source identification of nitrous oxide on autotrophic partial nitrification in a granular sludge reactor

et al. 2013

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Emission of nitrous oxide (N 2 O) during biological wastewater treatment is of growing concern since N 2 O is a major stratospheric ozone-depleting substance and an important greenhouse gas. The emission of N 2 O from a lab-scale granular sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for partial nitrification (PN) treating synthetic wastewater without organic carbon was therefore determined in this study, because PN process is known to produce more N 2 O than conventional nitrification processes. The average N 2 O emission rate from the SBR was 0.32 ± 0.17 mg-N L -1 h -1 , corresponding to the average emission of N 2 O of 0.8 ± 0.4% of the incoming nitrogen load (1.5 ± 0.8% of the converted NH 4 + ). Analysis of dynamic concentration profiles during one cycle of the SBR operation demonstrated that N 2 O concentration in off-gas was the highest just after starting aeration whereas N 2 O concentration in effluent was gradually increased in the initial 40 min of the aeration period and was decreased thereafter. Isotopomer analysis was conducted to identify the main N 2 O production pathway in the reactor during one cycle. The hydroxylamine (NH 2 OH) oxidation pathway accounted for 65% of the total N 2 O production in the initial phase during one cycle, whereas contribution of the NO 2 -reduction pathway to N 2 O production was comparable with that of the NH 2 OH oxidation pathway in the latter phase. In addition, 3 spatial distributions of bacteria and their activities in single microbial granules taken from the reactor were determined with microsensors and by in situ hybridization. Partial nitrification occurred mainly in the oxic surface layer of the granules and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were abundant in this layer. N 2 O production was also found mainly in the oxic surface layer. Based on these results, although N 2 O was produced mainly via NH 2 OH oxidation pathway in the autotrophic partial nitrification reactor, N 2 O production mechanisms were complex and could involve multiple N 2 O production pathways.

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N₂O production in the eastern South Atlantic: Analysis of N₂O stable isotopic and concentration data

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et al. 2014

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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The stable isotopic composition of dissolved nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a tracer for the production, transport, and consumption of this greenhouse gas in the ocean. Here we present dissolved N 2 O concentration and isotope data from the South Atlantic Ocean, spanning from the western side of the mid-Atlantic Ridge to the upwelling zone off the southern African coast. In the eastern South Atlantic, shallow

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Fractionation of N2O isotopomers during production by denitrifier

Cited by 278 publications

References 42 publications

Continuous measurements of nitrous oxide isotopomers during incubation experiments

Continuous measurements of nitrous oxide isotopomers during incubation experiments

Source identification of nitrous oxide on autotrophic partial nitrification in a granular sludge reactor

N₂O production in the eastern South Atlantic: Analysis of N₂O stable isotopic and concentration data

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Fractionation of N2O isotopomers during production by denitrifier

Cited by 278 publications

References 42 publications

Continuous measurements of nitrous oxide isotopomers during incubation experiments

Continuous measurements of nitrous oxide isotopomers during incubation experiments

Source identification of nitrous oxide on autotrophic partial nitrification in a granular sludge reactor

N2O production in the eastern South Atlantic: Analysis of N2O stable isotopic and concentration data

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N₂O production in the eastern South Atlantic: Analysis of N₂O stable isotopic and concentration data