“…Analytical or semi-analytical works are limited to simple geometries and loading conditions [12,10,13,14,15,16,17,18], thus stressing the importance of developing efficient numerical methods to simulate more realistic problems. We may cite here some relevant contributions using both the standard finite element method (FEM) and the extended FEM (X-FEM) [19,20,45,22,36,24,25], the meshless local Petrov-Galerkin (MLPG) approach [26,27,28,29] or the boundary element method (BEM) [30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37] among others. In particular, the BEM has shown good performance for the analysis of fracture applications under both static and dynamic loading conditions [38,39].…”