Fracture Characterization in Crystalline Rock By Borehole Radar

A review of Ground Penetrating Radar application in civil engineering: A 30-year journey from Locating and Testing to Imaging and Diagnosis

“…Deployment of GPR in this form commenced in the late 1970's with development of borehole deployed antennas. The biggest driver for borehole GPR was the ability to assess fractured rock mass for suitability for nuclear waste disposal [151,152]. A more extensive push for hydrogeological applications occurred in the 1990s for smaller scale applications [153].…”

Tomographic data developed using the ABEM RAMAC borehole radar system at the Mixed Waste Landfill Integrated Demonstration

“…This low range required the data to be band pass filtered to remove system noise spikes before the automatic picker could be used to process the survey. Two types of tomographic images have been created from each survey--a peakto-peak attenuation tomogram and a slowness (residual travel time) tomogram as described by Olsson et al (1989). Slowness tomograms were made from both the maximum and minimum of the arrival pulse.…”

Hydrologic Characterization of Fractured Rocks—An Interdisciplinary Methodology

“…used to determine the bulk resistivity of the rock. Radar is discussed briefly below, but the reader is referred to Olsson et al (1988b) for a more complete discussion of the theory behind the use of radar and for an example application to the Stripa site in Sweden.…”