Fracture‐induced Physical Phenomena and Memory Effects in Rocks: A Review

Lavrov, Alexandre

doi:10.1111/j.1475-1305.2005.00233.x

Cited by 48 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 77 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…AE and EME studies of cracking in rocks have demonstrated that, in general, during cyclic loading, the level of AE and EME increases significantly when the stress exceeds the maximum previously reached stress level (Khatiashvili, 1984;Chelidze, 1986, and references therein; Li and Nordlund, 1993;Lavrov, 2005, and references therein; Mori and Obata, 2008;Mavromatou et al, 2008;Shkuratnik and Lavrov, 2002). This phenomenon was first reported in metals (Kaiser, 1953) and is now known as the Kaiser "stressmemory" effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the puzzling feature of the silence of precursory electromagnetic emissions

Eftaxias

Potirakis

Chélidzé

2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. It has been suggested that fracture-induced MHzkHz electromagnetic emissions (EME), which emerge from a few days up to a few hours before the main seismic shock occurrence permit a real-time monitoring of the damage process during the last stages of earthquake preparation, as it happens at the laboratory scale. Despite fairly abundant evidence, electromagnetic (EM) precursors have not been adequately accepted as credible physical phenomena. These negative views are enhanced by the fact that certain "puzzling features" are repetitively observed in candidate fractureinduced pre-seismic EME. More precisely, EM silence in all frequency bands appears before the main seismic shock occurrence, as well as during the aftershock period. Actually, the view that "acceptance of "precursive" EM signals without convincing co-seismic signals should not be expected" seems to be reasonable. In this work we focus on this point. We examine whether the aforementioned features of EM silence are really puzzling ones or, instead, reflect well-documented characteristic features of the fracture process, in terms of universal structural patterns of the fracture process, recent laboratory experiments, numerical and theoretical studies of fracture dynamics, critical phenomena, percolation theory, and micromechanics of granular materials. Our analysis shows that these features should not be considered puzzling.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the puzzling feature of the silence of precursory electromagnetic emissions

Eftaxias

Potirakis

Chélidzé

2013

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Acoustic emission (AE) is not only one of physical responses to the deformation and failure behaviors under loads but also one of the energy dissipation pathways during the deformation and failure evolution of coal and rock materials. AE event monitoring has become an important means for real-time monitoring of the failure evolution of materials [1]. AE event is a high-frequency and low-energy body wave [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Size Effect of Concrete Specimens on the Acoustic Emission Characteristics under Uniaxial Compression Conditions

Wang

Ren

et al. 2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Acoustic emission (AE) experiments under uniaxial compression and cyclic loading-unloading compression conditions were performed using different sizes of cubic concrete specimens. The influences of the loading methods and the concrete sizes on the mechanical parameters and the concrete AE activities were analyzed. The loading method was found to have great impact on the deformation, failure, and energy dissipation of concrete materials. With the increase of the material size, the uniaxial compressive strength of the concrete specimens gradually decreased, while the corresponding strain of peak strength increased first and then decreased. The elasticity modulus fluctuated irregularly. Under the uniaxial compression conditions, five AE patterns corresponding to the deformation and failure of the concrete materials were observed. A significant nonlinear relationship was found between the AE and the stress level. The cumulative AE rings at the peak stress showed nonlinear growth with the increase of the concrete size. Based on an established relationship between the cumulative AE rings and the stress level, the necessary conditions for the existence of the quiet AE period were given. Under the uniaxial cyclic loading-unloading compression conditions, the Felicity ratio decreased first and then increased as the stress increased. The research results have some guiding significance to AE-based monitoring of internal stress evolution of coal, rock, and concrete materials and thereby enable assessment of their stability.

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“…Effects akin to the aforementioned have been mainly studied in detail in acoustic emissions (AE) due to microcrack formation in rocks and other materials during mechanical stress the so-called Kaiser effect, (Kaiser, 1953;Lavrov, 2003Lavrov, , 2005. Kaiser effect in acoustic emissions takes place during reloading of a rock specimen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electric signal emissions during repeated abrupt uniaxial compressional stress steps in amphibolite from KTB drilling

Triantis

Anastasiadis

Vallianatos

et al. 2007

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract.Laboratory experiments have confirmed that the application of uniaxial stress on rock samples is accompanied by the production of weak electric currents, to which the term Pressure Stimulated Currents -PSC has been attributed. In this work the PSC emissions in amphibolite samples from KTB drilling are presented and commented upon. After having applied sequential loading and unloading cycles on the amphibolite samples, it was ascertained that in every new loading cycle after unloading, the emitted PSC exhibits lower peaks. This attitude of the current peaks is consistent with the acoustic emissions phenomena, and in this work is verified for PSC emissions during loading -unloading procedures. Consequently, the evaluation of such signals can help to correlate the state and the remaining strength of the sample with respect to the history of its mechanical stress.

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Fracture‐induced Physical Phenomena and Memory Effects in Rocks: A Review

Cited by 48 publications

References 77 publications

On the puzzling feature of the silence of precursory electromagnetic emissions

On the puzzling feature of the silence of precursory electromagnetic emissions

Size Effect of Concrete Specimens on the Acoustic Emission Characteristics under Uniaxial Compression Conditions

Electric signal emissions during repeated abrupt uniaxial compressional stress steps in amphibolite from KTB drilling

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