Fracture propagation in sandstone and slate – Laboratory experiments, acoustic emissions and fracture mechanics

Stoeckhert, F.; Molenda, Michael; Brenne, S.; Alber, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.jrmge.2015.03.011

Cited by 79 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Values of the dimensionless parameters for example hydraulic fracturing fluids and materials for propagating velocity V . PMMA data from Bunger and Detournay (2008) and Bebertal sandstone data from Stoeckhert et al (2015).…”

Section: Fe Moukhtari and B Lecampionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A semi-infinite hydraulic fracture driven by a shear-thinning fluid

Moukhtari

Lecampion

2018

J. Fluid Mech.

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We use the Carreau rheological model which properly account for the shear-thinning behavior between the low and high shear rates Newtonian limits to investigate the problem of a semi-infinite hydraulic fracture propagating at a constant velocity in an impermeable linearly elastic material. We show that the solution depends on four dimensionless parameters: a dimensionless toughness (function of the fracture velocity, confining stress, material and fluid parameters), a dimensionless transition shear stress (related to both fluid and material behaviour), the fluid shear thinning index and the ratio between the high and low shear rate viscosities. We solve the complete problem numerically combining a Gauss-Chebyshev method for the discretization of the elasticity equation, the quasi-static fracture propagation condition and a finite difference scheme for the widthaveraged lubrication flow. The solution exhibits a complex structure with up to four distinct asymptotic regions as one moves away from the fracture tip: a region governed by the classical linear elastic fracture mechanics behaviour near the tip, a high shear rate viscosity asymptotic and power-law asymptotic region in the intermediate field and a low shear rate viscosity asymptotic far away from the fracture tip. The occurrence and order of magnitude of the extent of these different viscous asymptotic regions are estimated analytically. Our results also quantify how shear thinning drastically reduces the size of the fluid lag compared to a Newtonian fluid. We also investigate simpler rheological models (power-law, Ellis) and establish the small domain where they can properly reproduce the response obtained with the complete rheology.

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Section: Fe Moukhtari and B Lecampionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A semi-infinite hydraulic fracture driven by a shear-thinning fluid

Moukhtari

Lecampion

2018

J. Fluid Mech.

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“…Higher pressurization rates have been found to lead to higher breakdown pressure in hydraulic fracturing process (Haimson & Zhao, 1991), which in turn have produced inversely proportional fracture lengths (Stoeckhert et al, 2015). The rate of pressurization in a high-rate injection well is highest near the injection point and decreases with distance farther from the injection point.…”

Section: Time-dependent Magnitude-frequency Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dallas‐Fort Worth Airport Earthquake Sequence: Seismicity Beyond Injection Period

2018

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The 2008 Dallas‐Fort Worth Airport earthquakes mark the beginning of seismicity rate changes linked to oil and gas operations in the central United States. We assess the spatial and temporal evolution of the sequence through December 2015 using template‐based waveform correlation and relative location methods. We locate ~400 earthquakes spanning 2008–2015 along a basement fault mapped as the Airport fault. The sequence exhibits temporally variable b values, and small‐magnitude (m < 3.4) earthquakes spread northeast along strike over time. Pore pressure diffusion models indicate that the high‐volume brine injection well located within 1 km of the 2008 earthquakes, although only operating from September 2008 to August 2009, contributes most significantly to long‐term pressure perturbations, and hence stress changes, along the fault; a second long‐operating, low‐volume injector located 10 km north causes insufficient pressure changes. High‐volume injection for a short time period near a critically stressed fault can induce long‐lasting seismicity.

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“…(16) orientation and for a non-linear pressure distribution inside fractures (Jin et al, 2013, Stöckhert et al, 2015. If the propagating hydraulic fracture intersects natural fractures, these may be reactivated, depending on their orientations.…”

Section: Relevance For Prospectivity Of Shale Reservoirs and Hydraulimentioning

confidence: 99%

What controls the mechanical properties of shale rocks? – Part II: Brittleness

Rybacki

Meier

Dresen

2016

Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering

284

113

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Successful stimulation of shale gas reservoirs by hydraulic fracturing operations requires prospective rocks characterized by high brittleness to prevent fast healing of natural and hydraulically induced fractures and to decrease the breakdown pressure required to (re-) initiate a fracture. We briefly reviewed existing brittleness indices (B) and applied several, creep experiments are required to estimate in-situ stress anisotropy and the healing behavior of hydraulically induced fractures.

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Fracture propagation in sandstone and slate – Laboratory experiments, acoustic emissions and fracture mechanics

Cited by 79 publications

References 19 publications

A semi-infinite hydraulic fracture driven by a shear-thinning fluid

A semi-infinite hydraulic fracture driven by a shear-thinning fluid

The Dallas‐Fort Worth Airport Earthquake Sequence: Seismicity Beyond Injection Period

What controls the mechanical properties of shale rocks? – Part II: Brittleness

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