Fracture toughness improvement of CFRP laminates by dispersion of cup-stacked carbon nanotubes

Multiscale Polymer Composites: A Review of the Interlaminar Fracture Toughness Improvement

“…Yokozeki et al [186] utilized the combination of three different techniques to improve the ILFT of unidirectional CFRP laminates; namely, (1) Sprinkling of CSCNTs between the prepreg layers during stacking of plies, (2) Incorporation of resin films with CSCNT dispersed in matrix films, and (3) Dispersion of CSCNTs into the epoxy resin using the epoxy to produce prepregs. Two types of CSCNTs were used; aspect ratio of about 10 and 100 (designated as AR 10 and AR 100 respectively).…”

“…Techniques like spraying [185], sprinkling [186], buckypaper (dry CNTs) [124,138,187], electrophoresis [139] etc. are used to improve the properties of composite specimens with nanofillers as localized reinforcements.…”

Interlaminar fatigue crack growth behavior of MWCNT/carbon fiber reinforced hybrid composites monitored via newly developed acoustic emission method

“…Because of these aspects it is important to investigate the interlaminar toughness of composites at both static and cyclic loading. A part of the numerous publications in the field of quasistatic interlaminar crack propagation tests dealt with the effect of test parameters (for example: test speed [1]), laminate layup structure [2][3][4][5][6], others have characterized the effect of fillers/reinforcing materials on the fracture toughness (for example: carbon nanofiber/carbon fiber in epoxy [7,8], glass fiber in unsaturated polyester [9], carbon nanotube/carbon fiber in epoxy [10], fluoride functionalized carbon nanotubes/carbon fibers in epoxy [11], amine functionalized carbon nanotubes/glass fibers in epoxy [12], carbon nanotubes grown radially from vapor on the surface of carbon fiber in epoxy [13], vapor grown carbon fibers/carbon fibers in epoxy [14], clay nanoparticles/carbon fibers in epoxy [15][16][17], halloysite nanotubes/carbon fibers in epoxy [18]). All of the papers utilizing nanoparti-cle filling report increases from some to 300% in interlaminar fracture properties (for example: G IC or G IIC ).…”

Fabrication and properties of CNTs reinforced polymeric matrix nanocomposites for sports applications

“…Carbon fiber/epoxy hybrid nanocomposites modified with amine functionalized SWNTs were fabricated and studied for crack resistance at cryogenic temperature [19] and quasi-static strength and fatigue properties [20]. Carbon fiber/epoxy hybrid nanocomposites modified with cup-stacked carbon nanotubes (CSCNTs) were fabricated and studied for mechanical properties [21] reporting three times higher fracture toughness than that without CSCNTs [22].…”