Fractures of the Humerus in Dogs and Cats A Retrospective Study of 130 Cases

Abstract

Case histories of 130 dogs and cats with humeral fractures were reviewed. The different types of fractures were classified. Most animals with proximal, shaft, and supracondylar fractures had excellent results. The poor prognosis associated with distal articular fractures was due most often to failure of the fixation device in the supracondylar area; best results were achieved with a plate on the caudal and medial surface of the distal humerus. R O X I M A L A N D MIDSHAFT HUMERAL fractures in P veterinary patients have been repaired with in-

Intraosseous stress distribution and bone interaction during load application across the canine elbow joint: A preliminary finite element analysis for determination of condylar fracture pathogenesis in immature and mature dogs

“…Non-fused and fused humeral condyles were compared in flexion and extension (Simulation 2). Overall, the finite element simulation study performed showed that the pathogenesis of condylar fractures is likely to be more complex than what has been described in the literature to date (Bardet et al, 1983;Cockett et al, 1985;Denny 1983;Rorvik 1993;Vannini et al, 1988aVannini et al, , b, 2007. As seen in clinical observations, the highest likelihood was the lateral condylar fracture (clinics 56-67%, finite element analysis 66%-70% of the time).…”

“…As seen in clinical observations, the highest likelihood was the lateral condylar fracture (clinics 56-67%, finite element analysis 66%-70% of the time). Bilateral fractures were expected in 7-18% and medial condylar fractures in 18.5-26% of all scenarios tested (clinical frequency 33-35% and 4-16% respectively) (Bardet et al, 1983;Cockett et al, 1985;Denny 1983;Rorvik 1993;Vannini et al, 1988aVannini et al, , b, 2007.…”

“…They are classified as simple and comminuted supracondylar, lateral and medial condylar and intercondylar or bicondylar (T-and Y-) fractures. Lateral condylar fractures occur most often (56-67%), compared to 33-35% bicondylar and 4-16% medial condylar fractures (Bardet et al, 1983;Cockett et al, 1985;Denny 1983;Rorvik 1993;Vannini et al, 1988aVannini et al, , b, 2007. These types of fracture are reported in dogs of any age (Knight 1959;Rorvik 1993;Shuttleworth 1938), but predominantly in young dogs less than one year in age (Guille et al, 2004;Schebitz et al, 1976;Vannini et al, 1988a, b) with a peak incidence around four months old when ossification of the humeral condyle is not yet completed (Cockett et al, 1985;Denny 1983;Knight 1959).…”

“…Distal humeral condylar fractures account for approximately 50% of all humeral fractures (Bardet et al, 1983;Brinker et al, 2006). They are classified as simple and comminuted supracondylar, lateral and medial condylar and intercondylar or bicondylar (T-and Y-) fractures.…”

Köpeklerin Humerus Kırıklarının Semisirküler Eksternal Fiksatör ve İntramedullar Bağlamalı Pin Kombinasyonu İle Sağaltımı

“…The fracture incidence ranges from 5 to 13% and most of the fractures involve the middle and distal one third of the bone [1,2] . Because humerus has an S-shape from the lateral perspective -a cranial bow proximally and a caudal bow distally-with large surrounding muscle mass, management of this bone's fractures are challenging [3,4] .…”