Fractures on the chest radiograph in detection of alcoholic liver disease.

Lindsell, D. R. M.; Wilson, Anthony G.; Maxwell, J. D.

doi:10.1136/bmj.285.6342.597

Cited by 51 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…In another study, excessive alcohol consumption was identified in 7 men out of a series of 47 men sequentially referred to a metabolic bone center because of atraumatic fractures or radiographic osteopenia (Kelepouris et al, 1995). In a larger cross-sectional study, alcohol abuse also was identified as a significant risk factor for fractures in men (Kanis et al, 1999), and fractures were much more common in patients with alcoholic liver disease than those with various forms of nonalcoholic liver disease (Lindsell et al, 1982). In other studies, alcohol consumption was found to be not associated with fractures (Mussolino et al, 1998;Naves Diaz et al, 1997) or associated with decreased fracture risk (Nguyen et al, 1996), or the association was found to be to be sex dependent (Hoidrup et al, 1999a).…”

Section: Effects Of Alcohol Abuse On Bone Mass and Fracture Incidencementioning

confidence: 96%

Skeletal Response to Alcohol

Turner

2000

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

199

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This review briefly assesses the well-established effects of alcohol consumption on bone and mineral metabolism and addresses areas of controversy that need additional research. Alcohol consumption is a risk factor for osteoporosis based on the frequent finding of a low bone mass, decreased bone formation rate, and increased fracture incidence in alcoholics. Alcohol also has been shown to reduce bone formation in healthy humans and animals and to decrease proliferation of cultured osteoblastic cells. On the other hand, it has been difficult to demonstrate alcohol-induced bone loss and increased fracture rate in population-based studies. Indeed, most population-based studies have shown a positive association between alcohol and bone mass and no change or a decrease in fracture risk. Overall, the evidence generally supports a detrimental effect of chronic alcohol abuse on the skeleton of men and a neutral or generally beneficial effect of light to moderate alcohol consumption, especially in older women. This latter putative beneficial effect may be due to a reduction in the age-related increase in bone remodeling associated with postmenopausal bone loss. Specific areas of research are recommended to clarify the dose and sex effects of alcohol consumption and to determine cellular and molecular mechanisms of action. The goals of this proposed research emphasis are to determine the degree of risk for the range of alcohol consumption, to set guidelines of consumption compatible with maintaining bone health, and to develop appropriate countermeasures to prevent or reverse the detrimental skeletal effects of alcohol abuse.

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Section: Effects Of Alcohol Abuse On Bone Mass and Fracture Incidencementioning

confidence: 96%

Skeletal Response to Alcohol

Turner

2000

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

199

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“…25,26 The presence of fractures seen on routine chest radiography has been proposed as a useful indicator of alcoholism in patients with liver disease. 27 Alcohol-induced disturbances of bone metabolism probably have no important relation to the fractures. These seem, rather, to be secondary to injury.…”

Section: Renal Tubular Dysfunction and Osteoporosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol misuse and renal damage

Cecchin¹,

Marchi²

1996

Addiction Biology

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Recent clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that the habitual consumption of large amounts of ethanol has deleterious effects on the kidney. A variety of tubular defects have been described in patients with chronic alcoholism. Evidence is emerging that tubular dysfunction has an important pathophysiological role in a wide range of electrolyte and acid-base disturbances commonly observed in these patients, and possibly in alcohol-induced bone disease. These renal abnormalities are often reversible, disappearing with abstinence. However, since 1990 a few cases of a syndrome of acute tubular necrosis due to binge drinking of ethanol in the absence of other evident nephrotoxic mechanisms, or in association with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, have been reported. A link between glomerulonephritis and alcoholism has become evident. IgA nephropathy has been demonstrated at autopsy in 64% of chronic alcoholics and, more recently, the association between alcoholism and postinfectious glomerulonephritis has been described. Structural and functional abnormalities of the kidney are reported with increasing frequency in the fetal alcohol syndrome seen in children who have been prenatally exposed to ethanol. In addition, over the last few years experimental studies in vitro or in animal models have provided information about the biochemical and molecular basis of alcohol-induced injury to kidney. It is hoped that future experimental and clinical research will provide us with a more comprehensive knowledge of the mechanisms of renal damage in alcohol misuse.

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“…Interestingly, both osteopenia and decreased bone mass are reversible alterations since prolonged abstinence increases bone mass 13 , and 6 . Other studies have confirmed these results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone changes in alcoholics: A review

Gonzlez-Reimers¹,

Santolaria-Fernndez²,

Alvisa-Negrn³

2013

OA Alcohol

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IntroductionAlcoholism may damage the skeleton. In addition to a direct effect of ethanol, many other mechanisms are involved which should be considered in the clinical evaluation of alcoholic patients. We will review the mechanism and clinical consequences of bone alterations observed in alcoholics. ConclusionOsteoporosis is the main metabolic disease observed in alcoholic patients. The main factors involved in its pathogenesis are: a direct effect of ethanol, associated malnutrition, liver disease, altered hormone profile and cytokine pattern, and alcoholic myopathy. Osteoporosis may lead to bone fracture. It improves with ethanol withdrawal.

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Fractures on the chest radiograph in detection of alcoholic liver disease.

Abstract: The presence of fractures seen on routine chest radiography was assessed in patients with liver disease to see whether it might provide a useful marker of alcoholism.

Cited by 51 publications

References 16 publications

Skeletal Response to Alcohol

Skeletal Response to Alcohol

Alcohol misuse and renal damage

Bone changes in alcoholics: A review

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