Fragility functions and behavior factors estimation of multi-story cross-laminated timber structures characterized by an energy-dependent hysteretic model

Abstract

The authors assessed the fragility functions and behavior factors of cross-laminated timber (CLT) structures. The structures derive from the assembly of single CLT wall panels characterized by different configurations. The extended energy-dependent generalized Bouc-Wen (EEGBW) hysteresis model describes their inelastic behavior: the experimental data obtained by Gavric et al. are used to calibrate the hysteretic models of the considered cases. The truncated incremental dynamic analysis of the building models under a set of earthquake records yields the fragility functions and behavior factors. The copious results allow a comparative study between multiple structural configurations characterized by different constructive features. The behavior factors match those already proposed by the scientific literature. An analytical relationship was estimated relating the behavior factors and a suite of parameters (e.g. joint density, slenderness ratio of the CLT panel, and number of stories) representative of the tested cases. The fragility functions evidence the notable role of the number of stories over the failure probability, rather than the particular wall configuration.

Operational Modal Analysis, Model Update and Fragility Curves Estimation, through Truncated Incremental Dynamic Analysis, of a Masonry Belfry

“…According to FEMA [57], the damage limit states, d s , are given by the expression in Equation (8). where D y and D u are the yielding and the ultimate displacements, defined in accordance with the legislation indications [20,58]. A log-normal cumulative distribution function is used to fit the fragility function with data collected from Non Linear Dynamic Analysis, NLDA [56,59]:…”

Reliability-Based Assessment of LTF and CLT Shear Walls under In-Plane Seismic Loading Using a Modified Bouc-Wen Hysteresis Model

“…The list of 41 Italian earthquake records with magnitude ranging between 5 and 6.5, in Tab.7, represented the base for generating 41 artificial earthquakes, scaled to the same PGA and optimized to match the design spectrum in Fig. 8 (Aloisio et al 2020a). The 41 earthquakes correspond to all Italian earthquakes recorded since 1972 with PGA> 0.4g.…”

Optimization of the Slip Force in a Novel Friction-Based Connection for the E-CLT Technology

“…The authors simulated the response of an RC frame equipped with the AFC to a set of 41 earthquakes by varying the value of the slip force in a given range. A list of 41 Italian earthquake records with magnitude M L ranging between 5 and 6.5, reported in [37,38], represented the base for generating 41 artificial earthquakes, scaled to the same PGA and optimized to match a given design spectrum. The design spectrum corresponds to the seismic scenario expected in L'Aquila, Italy, according to the National Seismic Code.…”