The complete amino acid sequences of the 5 S rRNA binding proteins LS and L18 isolated from ribosomes of the moderate thermophile Bacillus stearothermophilus are presented. This has been achieved by the sequence analysis of peptides derived by enzymatic digestions with trypsin, chymotrypsin, pepsin, and Staphylococcus aureus protease, as well as by chemical cleavage with cyanogen bromide. The proteins LS and L18 consist of 179 and 120 amino acid residues, and have M, values of 20 163 and 13 473, respectively. A comparison of the sequences with their counterparts from the Escherichia cofi ribosome reveals 59% identical residues for LS, and 53% for L 18. For both proteins, the distribution of conserved regions is not random along the protein chains: some regions are highly conserved while others are not. The regions which are conserved during evolution may be important for the interaction with the 5 S rRNA molecule.5 S rRNA binding protein; Amino acid sequence; Primary structure; (Bacillus stearothermophilus)