Fragmentation pathways and mechanisms of aromatic compounds in atmospheric pressure studied by GC–DMS and DMS–MS

Differential Mobility Spectrometry for Improved Selectivity in Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Paralytic Shellfish Toxins

“…For labile 11-α GTX and CTX epimers, relative intensity increases rapidly with % modifier up to about 0.8%. This can be attributed to the protective effect of the clustered modifier to field-induced fragmentation in the DMS [28][29][30][31], similar to that reported previously for the use of CO 2 as a gas additive in FAIMS [32,33]. For more stable 11-β epimers (Figure 2d), a decrease in relative intensity with increasing modifier content was observed.…”

A determination of the effective temperatures for the dissociation of the proton bound dimer of dimethyl methylphosphonate in a planar differential mobility spectrometer

“…The fragmentation of ions in a planar differential mobility spectrometer under high field conditions has been demonstrated by the loss of HO 2 from the O À 2 adduct of methyl salicylate [25]. Similar experiments demonstrated the loss of neutral benzene from both protonated diphenyl methane and protonated bibenzyl [32]. Further decomposition of the fragment ions was observed at the highest electric field amplitudes.…”

Gas phase fragmentation of protonated esters in air at ambient pressure through ion heating by electric field in differential mobility spectrometry

“…Differential mobility spectrometers, which also operate at atmospheric pressure, employ a high asymmetric radio frequency field for ion separation. As a result, ions achieve, by collisional heating, an effective temperature T eff , that is higher than the bath gas temperature [6,7]. Studies of the same reaction for an ion in both a linear mobility spectrometer and a differential mobility spectrometer should provide correlations to assign a value to T eff for the reaction.…”

“…The magnitude of the change in K(E/N) with change in E is attributed to the association and dissociation of weakly solvating ligands such as water and other ambient molecules, and from changes in the potential of interaction with the surrounding atmosphere during low and high field portions of the asymmetric waveform of the separating field [6,[16][17][18]. Dissociation of non-covalently bound ions and/or of core ions may occur through the increase in internal energy of the ions gained from the separating field, as has been demonstrated with protonated diphenyl methane and dibenzyl, each of which fragmented by loss of benzene [7] and by the fragmentation of methylsalysilate • O 2 − adducts which lose HO 2 [16].…”