Fragmented host distribution and trombiculid parasitic load: Eutrombicula araucanensis and Liolaemus pictus in Chile

Espinoza-Carniglia, Mario; Fuente, María Carolina Silva de la; Pérez, Andrés; Victoriano, Pedro; Moreno, Lucila

doi:10.1051/acarologia/20152157

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Optimal living conditions depend on various factors such as air humidity, soil composition, temperature, and light intensity. Habitat fragmentation seems to affect mite survival by modifying their ecological niche [53]. Recently, a large-scale research found higher infestation (prevalence, mean abundance, and intensity) with vector mites on small mammals in areas with lower biodiversity compared to those with higher biodiversity [54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of trombiculid mites (Acari: Trombiculidae) on rodents from Chiloé Island and molecular evidence of infection with Orientia species

et al. 2020

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Background Scrub typhus is an emerging vector-borne zoonosis, caused by Orientia spp. and transmitted by larvae of trombiculid mites, called chiggers. It mainly occurs within a region of the Asia-Pacific called the tsutsugamushi triangle, where rodents are known as the most relevant hosts for the trombiculid vector. However, the reservoir(s) and vector(s) of the scrub typhus outside Asia-Pacific are unknown. The disease has recently been discovered on and is considered endemic for Chiloé Island in southern Chile. The aim of the present work was to detect and determine the prevalence of chiggers on different rodent species captured in probable sites for the transmission of orientiae responsible for scrub typhus on Chiloé Island in southern Chile and to molecularly examine collected chiggers for the presence of Orientia DNA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of trombiculid mites (Acari: Trombiculidae) on rodents from Chiloé Island and molecular evidence of infection with Orientia species

et al. 2020

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“…Optimal living conditions depend on various factors such as air humidity, soil composition, temperature, and light intensity. Habitat fragmentation seems to affect mite survival by modifying their ecological niche [52]. Recently, a large-scale research found higher infestation (prevalence, mean abundance, and intensity) with vector mites on small mammals in areas with lower biodiversity compared to those with higher biodiversity [53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First identification of trombiculid mites (Acari: Trombiculidae) on rodents captured on Chiloé Island, an endemic region of scrub typhus in southern Chile

Acosta‐Jamett

Beltrami

Fuente

et al. 2019

Preprint

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BackgroundScrub typhus in an emerging vector-borne zoonosis, caused by Orientia spp. and transmitted by larvae of trombiculid mites, called chiggers. It mainly occurs within a certain region of the Asia-Pacific, called tsutsugamushi triangle, where rodents are known as the most relevant hosts for the trombiculid vector. The disease has recently been discovered on Chiloé Island in southern Chile. Still, the reservoir(s) and vector(s) of the scrub typhus outside Asia-Pacific are unknown. The aim of the present work was to study the prevalence of chiggers on different rodent species captured in sites identified as probably hot spots of scrub typhus on Chiloé Island in southern Chile.Methodology/Principal FindingsDuring austral summer 2018, rodents were live-trapped in six sites and examined for chigger infestation. During a total of 4,713 trap-nights, 244 rodents of seven species were captured: the most abundant was Abrothrix olivacea. All study sites were rural areas on Chiloé Island, previously identified as localities of probable human infection with scrub typhus. Chiggers were detected on all seven rodent species with a 55% prevalence rate. Chiggers showed low host specificity and varied according to site specific host abundance. We identified trombiculids of three genera. Colicus was the most abundant chigger (93%), prevalent in five of six sites, followed by Quadraseta (7%) and Paratrombicula (7%), which were in only one site. Infestation rates showed site specific differences, which were statistically different using a GLM model with binomial errors.Conclusions/SignificanceThis study firstly reports the presence of different rodent-associated chigger mites in a region with endemic scrub typhus in southern Chile. Colicus and two other genera of mites were found with high infestation rates in sites previously identified as hot spots of scrub typhus, suggesting their role as vectors and reservoirs of this emerging zoonosis in South America.Author SummaryScrub typhus is a chigger-transmitted zoonotic infection, which is endemic in the tsutsugamushi triangle in Asia-Pacific. Recently, a first focus of scrub typhus in South America has been confirmed on Chiloé Island in southern Chile. Still, the vectors of scrub typhus in this region remain unknown. We undertook a survey to study the prevalence of chiggers on different rodent species in areas identified as probable hot spots of scrub typhus on Chiloé Island. The study showed that 55% of rodents were infested by trombiculids. Three chigger genera were identified, of which Colicus was the most abundant. Chiggers showed low host specificity, but spatial differences. This first demonstration of rodent-associated chigger mites in hot spots of scrub typhus suggests their possible role as vectors of this infection in Chile.

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“…Los ácaros suelen ser ectoparásitos comunes de los vertebrados, incluyendo a numerosos reptiles y entre ellos las lagartijas. Los ácaros suelen distribuirse en zonas y/o estructuras corporales específicas, entre las que se destacan los pliegues o "bolsas" axilares (hundimiento y prolongación de la piel), inguinales y post-femorales (Loveridge, 1951;Bertrand y Modrý, 2004;García de la Peña et al, 2004;Gomes de Carvalho et al, 2006;Delfino et al, 2011) y regiones como cuello, vientre, patas y cola (Bochkov et al, 2009;Espinoza Carniglia et al, 2015, 2016.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Distribución corporal e inserción de ácaros (Pterygosomatidae: Neopterygosoma) en la lagartija Liolaemus pacha (Iguania: Liolaemidae)

Heredia

Miotti

Hernández

et al. 2020

AZL

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Los ácaros suelen ser ectoparásitos comunes de los vertebrados. Su distribución cor poral puede variar entre especies y pueden ocasionar lesiones en la piel. Los ácaros de Liolaemus pacha pertenecen al género Neopterygosoma y se ubican por debajo de las escamas de su hospedador. Los escasos registros sobre la relación ectoparásito- hospedador nos llevó a proponernos como objetivos, definir cuantitativamente la distribución corporal y determinar los posibles daños ocasionados por los ácaros en los sitios de inserción mediante estudios histopatológicos. Para el conteo de ácaros se definieron cinco regiones corporales y se realizaron cortes histológicos de las zonas de la piel que presentaban ácaros. En total, se analizaron 52 ejemplares de ambos sexos. Se observó una mayor concentración de ácaros en la región ventral, específicamente en los laterales del vientre y en la región gular. El análisis histológico mostró que no hay daños epidérmicos ni reacciones inflamatorias en la piel del hospedador.Por lo tanto, concluimos que los ácaros de L. pacha no producen daños locales en la piel, e incluso, su forma característica de inserción, pone en duda el tipo de alimentación hematófaga, reportada en otros estudios. Los resultados obtenidos aportan nuev información sobre la biología de Liolaemus pacha y Neoptorygosoma sp., permitiendo mejorar la interpretación de su interacción.

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Fragmented host distribution and trombiculid parasitic load: Eutrombicula araucanensis and Liolaemus pictus in Chile

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

Identification of trombiculid mites (Acari: Trombiculidae) on rodents from Chiloé Island and molecular evidence of infection with Orientia species

Identification of trombiculid mites (Acari: Trombiculidae) on rodents from Chiloé Island and molecular evidence of infection with Orientia species

First identification of trombiculid mites (Acari: Trombiculidae) on rodents captured on Chiloé Island, an endemic region of scrub typhus in southern Chile

Distribución corporal e inserción de ácaros (Pterygosomatidae: Neopterygosoma) en la lagartija Liolaemus pacha (Iguania: Liolaemidae)

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