Fragmented sleep - fragmented mind : the role of sleep in dissociative symptoms

Kloet, Dalena van der

doi:10.26481/dis.20131115dk

Cited by 18 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 188 publications

(449 reference statements)

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“…Rumination-based degradation of adaptive sleep is probably due to emotional and cognitive arousal stimulated by repetitive thoughts at bedtime that engender difficulty falling asleep and entering deep sleep (Thomsen et al, 2003). Notably, researchers have hypothesized that dissociation stems from altered sleep patterns (Lynn, Lilienfeld, Merckelbach, Giesbrecht, & van der Kloet, 2012; van der Kloet, Merckelbach, Giesbrecht, & Lynn, 2012). Specifically, dissociation appears to be related to a labile sleep–wake cycle and possibly represents intrusions of sleep elements into waking consciousness (Koffel & Watson, 2009; Mahowald & Schenck, 2001; Van der Kloet, Giesbrecht, Lynn, Merckelbach, & de Zutter, 2012) and waking elements into sleeping consciousness (Soffer-Dudek, 2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumination and dissociation: The mediating role of poor sleep quality and presleep cognitions.

Vannikov-Lugassi¹,

Soffer‐Dudek²

2018

Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice

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Rumination and dissociation are considered maladaptive cognitive-emotional responses to distress, which prevent its proper processing. The goal of the study was to explore the relationship between rumination and dissociation and possible mechanisms responsible for it. We hypothesized that rumination may exert influence on dissociation via four possible mediators: distress, perceived mental control, repetitive cognitive style, and poor sleep quality. Study 1 was conducted on a sample of 93 undergraduate students and pointed to a central role of sleep in this relationship. Study 2 included 218 undergraduate students and aimed to (a) replicate the results of Study 1 and (b) focus on the sleep factor and explore the role of bedtime strategies for dealing with negative thoughts. Both studies point to sleep quality as the central factor responsible for the positive link between rumination and dissociation. The repetitiveness and the negative valence of rumination predict poor sleep quality, which in turn predicts higher levels of dissociative experiences. We also found that ruminative individuals who cope with intrusive thoughts at bedtime using maladaptive and rigid strategies (aggressive suppression, behavior distraction and worry) slept poorly and reported more dissociative symptoms. We conclude that rumination and dissociation are linked through the disturbed cycle of wake and sleep states and impaired flexibility in transitioning between them. Implications for clinicians and researchers are discussed.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumination and dissociation: The mediating role of poor sleep quality and presleep cognitions.

Vannikov-Lugassi¹,

Soffer‐Dudek²

2018

Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice

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“…Our findings indicate that the relationship between sleep problems and PTSD occurs within a broader context of mood disturbance and diminished intrapersonal resources. The link between sleep problems and diminished coping in the face of traumatic stress is further supported by findings that sleep problems are also associated with trauma-related dissociative symptoms (van der Kloet, Merckelbach, Giesbrecht, & Lynn, 2012). In addition to PTSD and mood disturbance, future longitudinal studies of trauma-related sleep problems should examine other forms of distress-such as paranoia, hostility, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms-that are potentially exacerbated by trauma and resource loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Sleep disturbances predict later trauma-related distress: Cross-panel investigation amidst violent turmoil.

et al. 2014

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Objective Sleep disturbances, including trouble falling and remaining asleep and recurrent nightmares, are symptoms of posttraumatic stress. A growing body of literature indicates that sleep disturbance may also convey vulnerability for the continuation of other symptoms of posttraumatic stress including fear, anxiety, and heightened arousal. However, longitudinal research, which could help understand how these relationships unfold over time, has been limited. Method The longitudinal relationships between sleep disturbance and posttraumatic stress were investigated in 779 Palestinian adults randomly selected and interviewed twice during the period of April, 2008 to November, 2008 amidst ongoing violent political turmoil. The recruitment method produced a representative sample and excellent retention. Cross-panel structural equation modeling was used to examine relationships between sleep and distress across two study periods. Results Results indicated that initial sleep problems were associated with increased PTSD, depression, and intrapersonal resource loss at follow-up 6 months later, but initial PTSD, depression, and intrapersonal resource loss were not associated with increased sleep problems at follow-up. Conclusions Sleep problems may confer vulnerability to longer-term distress in the presence of ongoing political violence. Future research should examine whether interventions targeting trauma-related sleep problems may improve prevention and treatment for PTSD and related disorders.

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“…In addition, more precise clinical assessments will, ultimately, facilitate more precise diagnostic procedures and interventions toward posttraumatic sleep disorders. These might involve a combination of specialized medical, psychological, and physiotherapeutic interventions, all aimed at securing trauma survivors a consistent sleeping pattern, and the best possible sleeping quality, to prevent the potential occurrence of dissociative symptoms (Lamarche & De Koninck, 2007; Van der Kloet, Merckelbach, et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mediational roles of sleep disorders and nightmares in the relationship between trauma and dissociation.

Nobakht¹,

Dale

2019

Dreaming

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The aim of this study was to test the validity of the "sleep-dissociation" perspective. In addition, and to gain a more comprehensive overview of the trauma-sleep-dissociation complex, we aimed to test in which manner and to what degree trauma sleep disorders and nightmares are related to dissociation. A total of 100 male and 100 female university students with mean age of 24 completed and returned a 160-item questionnaire designed to detect the extent of dissociation, childhood and recent trauma history, sleep disorders, and nightmares. Correlation analyses showed that sleep disorders and nightmares correlated significantly with history of childhood and recent trauma and dissociation. Findings from bootstrapping procedures showed that nightmares and sleep disorders, separately from each other, mediated the relationship between trauma and dissociation. However, when nightmares and sleep disorders were analyzed together in one data set, the only significant mediator was nightmares, which explained a substantial proportion of the total effect of childhood trauma on dissociation. These observations support the "sleep-dissociation" perspective on the relationship between trauma and dissociation, meaning that traumatic events might engender both sleep disturbances and nightmares, which in turn might play a pivotal role in the genesis of dissociative symptoms. The results of this study imply that trauma survivors, routinely, should be assessed and monitored with regard to sleep disorders and nightmares. Treating nightmares and, consequently, securing trauma survivors a consistent sleeping pattern and quality may play an important role in preventing the potential occurrence of dissociative symptoms.

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Fragmented sleep - fragmented mind : the role of sleep in dissociative symptoms

Cited by 18 publications

References 188 publications

Rumination and dissociation: The mediating role of poor sleep quality and presleep cognitions.

Rumination and dissociation: The mediating role of poor sleep quality and presleep cognitions.

Sleep disturbances predict later trauma-related distress: Cross-panel investigation amidst violent turmoil.

The mediational roles of sleep disorders and nightmares in the relationship between trauma and dissociation.

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