Frailty, Cognitive Decline, Neurodegenerative Diseases and Nutrition Interventions

Gómez-Gómez, María Elena; Zapico, Sara C.

doi:10.3390/ijms20112842

Cited by 136 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 134 publications

(169 reference statements)

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“…Evidence shows that lower dietary intake is linked to micronutrient deficiency, which, in turn, is associated with worse cognition and increased risk of frailty (123)(124)(125). In contrast, an adequate balance of daily calories protects neuronal integrity and cognitive function in the elderly (126). Thus, applying eCB agonists may be a promising therapeutic strategy for stimulating appetite in those that are at higher risk of anorexia of aging.…”

Section: Endocannabinoids As Therapeutic Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk Between the Gut Microbiome and Bioactive Lipids: Therapeutic Targets in Cognitive Frailty

et al. 2020

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Cognitive frailty is a geriatric condition defined by the coexistence of cognitive impairment and physical frailty. This "composite" aging phenotype is associated with a higher risk of several adverse health-related outcomes, including dementia. In the last decade, cognitive frailty has gained increased attention from the scientific community that has focused on understanding the clinical impact and the physiological and pathological mechanisms of development and on identifying preventive and/or rehabilitative therapeutic interventions. The emergence of gut microbiome in neural signaling increased the interest in targeting the gut-brain axis as a modulation strategy. Multiple studies on gastroenteric, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases support the existence of a wide bidirectional communication network of signaling mediators, e.g., bioactive lipids, that can modulate inflammation, gut permeability, microbiota composition, and the gut-brain axis. This crosstalk between the gut-brain axis, microbiome, and bioactive lipids may emerge as the basis of a promising therapeutic strategy to counteract cognitive frailty. In this review, we summarize the evidence in the literature regarding the link between the gut microbiome, brain, and several families of bioactive lipids. In addition, we also explore the applicability of several bioactive lipid members as a potential routes for therapeutic interventions to combat cognitive frailty.

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Section: Endocannabinoids As Therapeutic Targetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk Between the Gut Microbiome and Bioactive Lipids: Therapeutic Targets in Cognitive Frailty

et al. 2020

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“…High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is an important carrier of cerebral cholesterol; low levels of HDL may cause increased sediment of Aβ proteins and induce inflammation [41]. In cases of hyperlipidemia, freeradical scavenger activity declines, which causes a large accumulation of lipid peroxide, accelerates the development and progression of atherosclerosis, and reduces cerebral blood flow, resulting in cerebral ischemia and hypoxia, brain tissue damage, and, ultimately, cognitive impairment [42] (see Figure 1).…”

Section: Potential Mechanism Of Hyperlipidemia On Cognitivementioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Combined Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Therapies on Cognitive Function: A New Treatment Strategy?

Kuang

2020

Cardiology Research and Practice

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Risk factors for cardiovascular disease such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia are associated with cognitive decline. However, there is still no clear evidence that the use of antihypertensive or lipid-lowering therapy can prevent or delay cognitive decline or development of dementia. To provide a reference for clinical treatment, we analyzed the potential mechanisms of cognitive dysfunction induced by hypertension and hyperlipidemia, the clinical research and controversy of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering therapies on cognitive function, and the clinical value of combined antihypertensive and lipid-lowering therapy. It is currently believed that hypertension and elevated blood cholesterol levels in middle-aged people may be related to cognitive impairment or dementia in the elderly. Some studies suggest that intensive antihypertensive or lipid-lowering therapies are better than standard antihypertensive or lipid-lowering therapy, yet further tests are needed to confirm their effects on cognitive function. Actively controlling potential risk factors from middle age may be important for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) prevention.

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“…Aging is the major risk factor for countless chronic diseases, which challenge both researchers and health professionals [5,6]. Also at the individual level, elderly people normally have to face the hardship of frailty that is associated with some degree of cognitive decline [7]. Overall, understanding the biogerontological process is therefore vital in health and disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurovascular Inflammaging in Health and Disease

Mészáros

Molnár

Nógrádi

et al. 2020

Cells

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Aging is characterized by a chronic low-grade sterile inflammation dubbed as inflammaging, which in part originates from accumulating cellular debris. These, acting as danger signals with many intrinsic factors such as cytokines, are sensed by a network of pattern recognition receptors and other cognate receptors, leading to the activation of inflammasomes. Due to the inflammasome activity-dependent increase in the levels of pro-inflammatory interleukins (IL-1β, IL-18), inflammation is initiated, resulting in tissue injury in various organs, the brain and the spinal cord included. Similarly, in age-related diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), inflammasome activation is a prominent moment, in which cells of the neurovascular unit occupy a significant position. In this review, we discuss the inflammatory changes in normal aging and summarize the current knowledge on the role of inflammasomes and contributing mechanisms in common CNS diseases, namely Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and stroke, all of which occur more frequently with aging.

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Frailty, Cognitive Decline, Neurodegenerative Diseases and Nutrition Interventions

Cited by 136 publications

References 134 publications

Crosstalk Between the Gut Microbiome and Bioactive Lipids: Therapeutic Targets in Cognitive Frailty

Crosstalk Between the Gut Microbiome and Bioactive Lipids: Therapeutic Targets in Cognitive Frailty

Effect of Combined Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Therapies on Cognitive Function: A New Treatment Strategy?

Neurovascular Inflammaging in Health and Disease

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