Framework and form: burgage plots, street lines and domestic architecture in early urban Scotland

Stell, Geoffrey; Tait, R.I.

doi:10.1017/s0963926814000789

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The limited work on modelling VUD used raster-based remote sensing data (see, for example Lin et al, 2014; Zhang et al, 2017). Raster representations disregard the constraints and opportunities of the urban morphological frame on urban redevelopment (Siksna, 1997; Asami and Ohtaki, 2000; Wheeler, 2003; Stell and Tait, 2016). On the other hand, the relationship between parcel size and building height and density is evident according to the economy of scale associated with residential building construction (Ott et al, 2012).…”

Section: Overview Of Literature On Vudmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing vertical urban development at the parcel scale: The case in Brisbane, Australia

Huang

Lieske

Liu

2022

Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science

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Increasing urban density has become an important focus in mitigating the adverse impacts of urban sprawl. A common way to increase urban density is the development of multi-story residential housing, or vertical urban development (VUD). Compared to low-rise detached housing, VUD has been purported to be more effective in mitigating the adverse impact of urban sprawl. This paper examines factors influencing VUD through a case study of Brisbane, Australia. Three types of housing developments – low-rise detached houses, low-rise apartments, and medium- to high-rise apartments – are explored, with the latter two types classified as VUD. Building on the literature that suggests a range of environmental, socio-demographic, built environment, and planning regulations factors driving or constraining VUD, our study further explores how land parcel size and parcel change over time either through parcel amalgamation or subdivision as factors driving VUD. The findings show that parcel size and parcel amalgamation are key factors leading to VUD, particularly in the form of medium- to high-rise apartment development. On the other hand, land use upzoning alone does not appear to be sufficient to drive VUD. Our study enriches the understanding of the scale effects of land parcels and zoning regulation on vertical urban development, and contributes to parcel-based land use planning policies that are targeted at more intensive urban land use.

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Section: Overview Of Literature On Vudmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors influencing vertical urban development at the parcel scale: The case in Brisbane, Australia

Huang

Lieske

Liu

2022

Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science

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“…Severe scrutiny was also applied to the construction of forestairs and turnpikes in public land, to give access to newly extended properties. 34 In Venice, extra space could be obtained through a fabbricato a barbacani, sloping outwards as it goes up and supported by wooden or stone corbels. 35 For more significant extensions, a sottoportego could be created with a house being built over the public street -here also on condition that the short arcade beneath would remain for public use.…”

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confidence: 99%

Edinburgh and Venice: Comparing the Evolution in Communal Living in Geographically Challenged Mercantile Communities

Guidicini¹

2020

The Architecture of Scotland, 1660-1750

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Through a comparison with the urban and residential solutions employed in the city of Venice in the period 1500-1780, this chapter provides a reasoned contextualisation of the Scottish tenement within a broader European scenario. In Edinburgh, this typology evolved from organic and self-organised juxtaposition of private and semi-private spaces, vertical accesses, and commercial spaces in the Old Town, to its structured and respectable reinterpretation as New Town building-block. This is in turn compared with the parallel evolution of its Venetian counterpart, the residential and commercial casa fondaco, also an experimentation with and progressive optimisation in the design of compact, high-rise, mixed-use urban dwellings. While Edinburgh embraced expansion and the potential of the tenement model - once regularised and restructured - to offer accommodation in the modern context of the New Town, Venice was unable to transform a way of life bound by the social, economic, and spatial constraints, leading to further fragmentation. The strength of the Scottish tenement model lay in its flexibility rather than in its exceptionality;it celebrates its successful transformation from organic agglomerate to codified, respectable residence - a transformation which, the Venetian case study reveals, is not to be taken for granted.

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“…As infill development in Australia is generally informal, without any government policy focus, redevelopment, and specifically redevelopment on amalgamated lots, is understudied, with limited scholarly research into how amalgamation can be effectively used to reach urban consolidation targets. Previous research has analysed lot boundaries in various cities around the world, generally not in connection to urban consolidation targets but in establishing how cities change over time (see for example, Sanders and Schroder 2008;Sanders and Woodward 2015;Stell and Tait 2016) as well as changes to city blocks (see for example , Siksna 1998;Ryan 2008). A study of Auckland, New Zealand undertaken by Frederickson et al (2016) is one of few examples where property boundaries have been assessed in the context of reaching urban consolidation targets.…”

Section: The Research Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Throughout the United Kingdom, medieval lot boundaries have acted as site constraints from their inception, influencing the design and configuration of both individual building structures and groups of buildings (Stell and Tait 2016). In their study of Scottish towns, Stell and Tait (2016) found that lot boundaries in Scottish urban centres persisted over time, despite property pressures, with many lot boundaries and street frontages remaining very close to their original positions. These towns were originally laid out during the medieval period, and their stability over hundreds of years emphasises the permanent nature of property boundaries over time.…”

Section: Urban Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies in urban morphology establish that while property boundaries may not be the primary determinants of built form, they are significant factors that influence redevelopment (Stell and Tait 2016;Sanders and Schroder 2015). There is a significant body of research in the patterns of urban change, and changes to property boundaries in the United Kingdom (see, for example Scrase (1989) and Stell and Tait (2016)) and a growing amount of literature regarding urban change in other jurisdictions. In the United States and Australia, most published research in this area focuses on the transformation of whole blocks and street layouts over time, rather than individual property parcels (for example Ryan (2008) and Siksna (1997)).…”

Section: Property Boundary Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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Property boundary change for residential development: a study of Brisbane, Australia

Gallagher¹

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To help counter the negative impacts of urban sprawl, the Queensland Government has introduced a policy of urban consolidation whereby Brisbane has a target of 94% of new dwellings being from infill development (Department of Local Government, Infrastructure and Planning 2017). Infill is the development within existing urban boundaries, and to reach such a level requires not only a transformation of the dwelling types being constructed (for example, a change in preference for detached houses to apartments), but also a transformation of the urban structure of the city. Like many metropolitan strategies, however, greenfield development within existing local government boundaries is included as meeting urban consolidation targets. Undeveloped land within existing urban boundaries is a finite resource meaning that, once such greenfield sites are utilised, infill of existing residential areas, or greyfield development, will be crucial at meeting urban consolidation targets by redeveloping existing urban areas at higher densities. Despite overarching planning schemes aimed at densifying existing urban areas, infill development in Australia is generally informal, lacking any specific government policy focus or intervention. Little scholarly research is available on how urban consolidation targets and infill are to be achieved in a practical sense. Multiple dwellings such as apartment buildings are denser and taller, therefore requiring larger footprints than a single dwelling. Due to the small size of existing residential lots, amalgamation is often required if properties are to redevelop at higher densities. Land amalgamation is a process where smaller parcels of land are merged to create larger parcels, effectively reverse subdivision. This alters the highly fragmented existing cadastral pattern and creates lots more suitable for redevelopment. This research uses two sets of property boundary data to compare the property boundary change occurring over a ten-year period to facilitate infill development in the Brisbane suburbs immediately south of the Central Business District. Amalgamation of properties for higher density residential developments are a specific focus of this study, as it is amalgamations that will be required to meet urban consolidation targets once more easily developed sites, such as former industrial or commercial areas, are no longer available for development. This study identified 182 boundary changes, a boundary change being an event of amalgamation, subdivision or reconfiguration, regardless of how many lots were involved. Changes occurred on two percent of lots within the study area, with greyfield development forming 66.5% of all redevelopments. These results, however, varied significantly between suburbs. For example, greyfield development formed most redevelopments in both East Brisbane and Kangaroo Point, but the former was generally a subdivision resulting in additional detached houses, whereas the latter was generally an amalgamation resulting in the replacement of detached houses with an...

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Framework and form: burgage plots, street lines and domestic architecture in early urban Scotland

Cited by 12 publications

References 17 publications

Factors influencing vertical urban development at the parcel scale: The case in Brisbane, Australia

Factors influencing vertical urban development at the parcel scale: The case in Brisbane, Australia

Edinburgh and Venice: Comparing the Evolution in Communal Living in Geographically Challenged Mercantile Communities

Property boundary change for residential development: a study of Brisbane, Australia

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