Free and serum testosterone levels in 276 males: A comparative study of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and healthy controls

Spector, T. D.; Ollier, William; Perry, Leslie; Silman, A J; Thompson, Paul; Edwards, Alison

doi:10.1007/bf02031066

Cited by 77 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…the healthy population (25,26). Thus, the effect of androgen levels on the incidence of cancer and the potential underlying mechanism by which androgen production affects patients with AS must be further investigated.…”

Section: Female -----------------------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ankylosing spondylitis and the risk of cancer

Chang

Nguyễn

et al. 2017

Oncology Letters

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Abstract.Cancer is a multifactorial disease, and imbalances of the immune response and sex-associated features are considered risk factors for certain types of cancer. The present study aimed to assess whether ankylosing spondylitis (AS), an immune disorder that predominantly affects young adult men, is associated with an increased risk of cancer. Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, a cohort of patients diagnosed with AS between 2000 and 2008 who had no history of cancer prior to enrollment was established (n=5,452). Age-and sex-matched patients without AS served as controls (n=21,808). The results revealed that the overall incidence of cancer was elevated in patients with AS [standardized incidence ratio (SIR), 1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03-1.27]. AS carried an increased risk of hematological malignancy in both sexes, colon cancer in females and bone and prostate cancer in males. Young patients with AS (≤35 years) and patients with a Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) ≥2 experienced a higher incidence of cancer (males, SIR 1.92, and 95% CI 1.04-3.26; females, SIR 2.00 and 95% CI 1.46-5.50). The cancer risk was increased during the first 3 years following the diagnosis of AS (SIR 1.49, 95% CI 1.29-1.71), and overall cancer-free survival was significantly decreased in patients with AS patients of both sexes (P<0.0001). Therefore, AS was found to be associated with an increased risk of cancer. All AS patients must be screened for hematological malignancies, for prostate and bone cancer in males, and for colon cancer in females, particularly younger patients with a CCI ≥2.

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Section: Female -----------------------------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ankylosing spondylitis and the risk of cancer

Chang

Nguyễn

et al. 2017

Oncology Letters

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“…Some studies showed that the androgen replacement treatment for Klinefelter's syndrome can suppress immunological parameters, reduce the severity of SLE, and resolve recurrent hypostatic lower extremity ulcerations [8][9][10]. Other studies have revealed an association between low testosterone levels and high incidence of autoimmune disease [11,12]. In the case of our patient, he had been taking testosterone undecanoate since he was 14 years old with no significant side effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Budd-Chiari syndrome with antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus in a patient with Klinefelter's syndrome

Lee

Kang

et al. 2017

Yeungnam Univ J Med

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Klinefelter's syndrome is the most common congenital abnormality that causes primary hypogonadism. It is associated with diseases that predominantly affect women, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and it can sometimes cause veno-occlusive disease. We experienced a case of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) in a 33-year-old man with Klinefelter's syndrome presented with hematemesis and edema in both lower extremities. The clinical and laboratory findings were compatible with SLE, antiphospholipid syndrome, and BCS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report to describe a simultaneous presentation of these four clinical syndromes in a single patient.

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“…The difference was still maintained when patients with rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis with elevated inflammatory markers were compared, and was unaffected by age. (Spector et al, 1989). It is difficult to elucidate causality; does RA cause hypogonadism, or do reduced testosterone levels allow RA to develop?…”

Section: Immunological and Rheumatological Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%