Free Fatty Acids of Newborns from Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Jovandaric, Miljana Z.; Ivanovski, Petar

doi:10.1080/15513815.2017.1281365

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Besides ER stress, mitochondrial damage, insufficient function and changed expression profile of enlarged adipose tissue, obesity is associated with increased levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) with deleterious effects on skeletal muscle, liver and endothelial cells mediated by enhanced insulin resistance (Boden 2008). Similar to obesity and T2DM, GDM is associated with increased FFA levels (Meyer et al 1996, Bomba-Opon 2006, while newborns of GDM women have normal levels possibly due to the lipogenic and antilipolytic activity of the fetus (Bomba-Opon 2006, Jovandaric & Ivanovski 2017. Increased FFA accompanying obesity represents one of the factors potentially responsible for decreased insulin sensitivity and GDM development in pregnancy.…”

Section: ) Vaspinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of obesity and adipose tissue dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus

Šimják

Cinkajzlová

Anderlová

et al. 2018

Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gestational diabetes mellitus is defined as diabetes diagnosed in the second or third trimester of pregnancy in patients with no history of diabetes prior to gestation. It is the most common complication of pregnancy. The underlying pathophysiology shares some common features with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) combining relatively insufficient insulin secretion with increased peripheral insulin resistance. While a certain degree of insulin resistance is the physiological characteristics of the second half of pregnancy, it is significantly more pronounced in patients with gestational diabetes. Adipose tissue dysfunction and subclinical inflammation in obesity are well-described causes of increased insulin resistance in non-pregnant subjects and are often observed in individuals with T2DM. Emerging evidence of altered adipokine expression and local inflammation in adipose tissue in patients with gestational diabetes suggests an important involvement of adipose tissue in its etiopathogenesis. This review aims to summarize current knowledge of adipose tissue dysfunction and its role in the development of gestational diabetes. We specifically focus on the significance of alterations of adipokines and immunocompetent cells number and phenotype in fat. Detailed understanding of the role of adipose tissue in gestational diabetes may provide new insights into its pathophysiology and open new possibilities of its prevention and treatment.

show abstract

Section: ) Vaspinmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of obesity and adipose tissue dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus

Šimják

Cinkajzlová

Anderlová

et al. 2018

Journal of Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During pregnancy, the activity of hepatic lipase (HL) decreases, which enables the conversion of HDL-2 particles into HDL-3 lipoprotein particles, which leads to the accumulation of HDL-2 particles rich in triglycerides [23]. The physiological increase in lipids plays an essential role during pregnancy, which is reflected in the mobilization of free fatty acids from fat depots in late pregnancy, which is necessary for fetal growth and steroid synthesis in the placental tissue [24,25].…”

Section: Metabolic Changes In Pregnancy Lipid Metabolism In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Metabolic and Environmental Factors in the Occurrence of Oxidative Stress during Pregnancy

Jovandaric¹,

Babic²,

Raus

et al. 2023

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Metabolic changes in pregnant women begin in the first weeks after conception under the influence of placental hormones that affect the metabolism of all nutrients. An increased concentration of total lipids accompanies pregnancy and an increased accumulation of triglycerides in low-density lipoproteins (LDL) particles. Lipids in small dense LDL particles are more susceptible to oxidative modification than normal-density LDL particles. Unlike LDL high-density lipoproteins (HDL), lipoprotein particles have an atheroprotective role in lipid metabolism. The very growth of the fetus depends on the nutrition of both parents, so obesity is not only in the mother but also in the father. Nutritional programming of the offspring occurs through changes in lipid metabolism and leads to an increased risk for cardiometabolic diseases. Pregnancy is accompanied by an increased need for oxygen in the mitochondria of the placenta and a tendency to develop oxidative stress. Oxidative stress represents a disturbance in the balance of oxidation–reduction processes in the body that occurs due to the excessive production of free oxygen radicals that cellular homeostatic mechanisms are unable to neutralize. When the balance with the antioxidant system is disturbed, which happens when free oxygen radicals are in high concentrations, serious damage to biological molecules occurs, resulting in a series of pathophysiological and pathological changes, including cell death. Therefore, oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of many complications that can occur during pregnancy. The oxidative status of pregnant women is also influenced by socioeconomic living conditions, lifestyle habits, diet, smoking, and exposure to environmental air pollution. During a healthy pregnancy, the altered lipid profile and oxidative stress create an increased risk for premature birth and pregnancy-related diseases, and a predisposition to adult diseases.

show abstract

“…Maternal hyperglycemia leads to fetal hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. The consequences of this excessive stimulation are reflected in the fetal pancreas in the form of islet hyperplasia with an increase in the number of beta cells and increased insulin values [ 10 ]. The importance of detecting gestational diabetes in the early stages of pregnancy is best illustrated by the data reporting a significant percentage of morbidity and mortality in newborns, in mothers in whom this disorder is undiagnosed and untreated, and in those when it is discovered late in pregnancy [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Glucose Metabolism and Breastfeeding on the Intestinal Microbiota of Newborns of Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Jovandaric¹,

Milenković²,

Babovic

et al. 2022

Medicina

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a pregnancy complication in which women without previously diagnosed diabetes develop chronic hyperglycemia during gestation. The diet and lifestyle of the mother during pregnancy as well as lactation have long-term effects on the child’s health and development. Detection of early risk markers of adult-age chronic diseases that begin during prenatal life and the application of complex nutritional interventions at the right time may reduce the risk of these diseases. Newborns adapt to the ectopic environment by developing intestinal immune homeostasis. Adequate initial colonization of bacteria is necessary for sufficient development of intestinal immunity. The environmental determinant of adequate colonization is breast milk. Although a developing newborn is capable of producing an immune response, the effector immune component requires bacterial stimulation. Breast milk stimulates the proliferation of a well-balanced and diverse microbiota, which initially influences the switch from an intrauterine TH2 predominant to a TH1/TH2 balanced response and the activation of T-regulatory cells by breast milk-stimulated specific organisms (Bifidobacteria, Lactobacillus, and Bacteroides). Breastfeeding in newborns of mothers with diabetes mellitus regulates the adequate immune response of the newborn and prevents diseases of the neonatal and postnatal period.

show abstract

Free Fatty Acids of Newborns from Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract: Suppression of FFA acids in newborn blood of mothers with GDM may represent the lipogenic and antilipolytic activity of the fetus.

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

The role of obesity and adipose tissue dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus

The role of obesity and adipose tissue dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus

The Importance of Metabolic and Environmental Factors in the Occurrence of Oxidative Stress during Pregnancy

The Effect of Glucose Metabolism and Breastfeeding on the Intestinal Microbiota of Newborns of Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About