Free light chain monomers in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

Kaplan, Batia; Aizenbud, Boris M.; Golderman, Sizilia; Yaskariev, Regina; Sela, Ben‐Ami

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2010.09.002

Cited by 54 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…However, this might not be true for fLC; indeed, correlation between quantitative and qualitative tests is much better than for IgG, and no or only marginal increase in sensitivity has been achieved with the qualitative test compared to fLC quantitation in two studies 3,5 . Unlike Kaplan et al 39,40 , the specificity of our o-fLC test was lower than that of the o-IgG test. This might point to a more important role of fLC dimerization status (on which no information is available using IEF) than that of free κ/λ proportion in the pathophysiology of MS, as it has been shown recently that fLC monomers and dimers are differentially secreted by plasma cells and functionally distinct 54 .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Oligoclonal free light chains in cerebrospinal fluid as markers of intrathecal inflammation. Comparison with oligoclonal IgG

Zeman¹,

Hradílek²,

Kušnierová³

et al. 2015

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub

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Aims.To compare the sensitivity and specificity of CSF-restricted oligoclonal IgG and free light chains as markers of multiple sclerosis and other inflammatory neurological diseases. Methods. 196 paired CSF and serum samples were examined for oligoclonal IgG and oligoclonal free light chains. The sensitivity and specificity of the tests were calculated and optimal cut-offs for the number of CSF-restricted oligoclonal bands were then determined by analysis of receiver operating characteristic curves. Results. Optimal cut-off values were ≥5 IgG bands for multiple sclerosis, ≥4 IgG bands for inflammatory neurological disease, ≥6 free κ, and ≥2 free λ bands for both purposes. Using these cut-off values, sensitivities and specificities for multiple sclerosis were 83.8% and 91.3% for IgG, 83.8% and 81.0% for free κ , and 67.6% and 75.4% for free λ. For inflammatory neurological disease, sensitivities and specificities were 60.8% and 95.7% for IgG, 69.6% and 92.6% for free κ, and 64.8% and 86.2% for free λ. Conclusions. Although exact cut-off values may vary according to method, reporting borderline results as positive, may compromise the specificity of the test and should be avoided.. The detection of intrathecal free light chain synthesis may be of value especially when the oligoclonal IgG test is negative or borderline, even though its specificity is slightly lower.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 83%

Oligoclonal free light chains in cerebrospinal fluid as markers of intrathecal inflammation. Comparison with oligoclonal IgG

Zeman¹,

Hradílek²,

Kušnierová³

et al. 2015

Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub

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“…The limits of our study include: 1. no attempt made to quantitate the relative amount of IgG/IgGλ and free /free λ was made; such an attempt was reported for free and free λ monomers and dimers [32], but it requires an appropriate software and remains inherently semi-quantitative at best, although it is probably better than simple visual inspection; 2. a low number of samples tested during preliminary experiments which were concentrated on methodology, with an attempt to show feasibility of the method to detect IgG and IgGλ OCBs using Hevylite antibodies and to look for a possibility to compare IgG/IgGλ with free /free λ profiles. 3. a need for more extensive reproducibility testing with the use of more paired CSF and serum samples analyzed at least twice in different runs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of oligoclonal IgG kappa and IgG lambda bands in cerebrospinal fluid and serum with HevyliteTM antibodies. Comparison with the free light chain oligoclonal pattern.

Zeman

Hradílek

Švagera

et al. 2012

Fluids Barriers CNS

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Background: Oligoclonal IgG bands in cerebrospinal fluid that are absent in serum indicate intrathecal IgG synthesis and are a sensitive marker of CNS inflammatory diseases, in particular multiple sclerosis. It may be of interest to determine whether these bands are predominantly IgG or IgGλ. Methods: We have used Hevylite™ antibodies and developed a technique for detection of oligoclonal IgG and IgGλ bands by means of isoelectric focusing followed by immunoblotting. The same technique was used for oligoclonal free and free λ detection. Among several techniques tested, affinity immunoblotting appears to be the most sensitive; it can detect less than 1 ng of IgG or IgGλ paraprotein. We compared oligoclonal IgG profiles with those of oligoclonal IgG and IgGλ. There was good agreement concerning the presence or absence of intrathecal synthesis. We observed the ratios between oligoclonal IgG and IgGλ bands, and they did not always match the ratios between free and free λ bands. We were also able to detect antigen-specific CSF-restricted oligoclonal IgG and IgGλ bands in neuroborreliosis. It remains to be determined subsequently by a clinicallyoriented prospective study, whether predominant IgG/IgGλ or free /free λ can be observed more frequently in particular diseases with oligoclonal IgG synthesis.

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“…IgFLC is produced in excess during the antibody production process, and its functions 22 According to previous studies, IgFLC is associated with activation of the complement system and with antiangiogenesis. 23,24 Recently, several researchers indicated that IgFLC is significantly increased in patients with either autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis) or allergic asthma and/or rhinitis. [25][26][27][28] Meng et al 22 indicated that IgFLC was significantly increased in the sera and nasal secretions of patients with allergic and those with nonallergic rhinitis, and that the increase in IgFLC was significantly correlated with mast cell tryptase and eosinophilic cationic protein.…”

Section: Genementioning

confidence: 99%

Antiallergic Effects of Anti-Interleukin-33 are Associated with Suppression of Immunoglobulin Light Chain and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

Park

Jang

Jung

et al. 2016

Am J Rhinol�Allergy

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Free light chain monomers in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

Cited by 54 publications

References 35 publications

Oligoclonal free light chains in cerebrospinal fluid as markers of intrathecal inflammation. Comparison with oligoclonal IgG

Oligoclonal free light chains in cerebrospinal fluid as markers of intrathecal inflammation. Comparison with oligoclonal IgG

Detection of oligoclonal IgG kappa and IgG lambda bands in cerebrospinal fluid and serum with HevyliteTM antibodies. Comparison with the free light chain oligoclonal pattern.

Antiallergic Effects of Anti-Interleukin-33 are Associated with Suppression of Immunoglobulin Light Chain and Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

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