Free light chains nephelometric assay: human urine stability in different storage conditions

Pieri, Massimo; Pignalosa, Stefano; Dinallo, Vincenzo; Crisanti, Anna; Casalino, Paolo; Bernardini, Sergio; Dessı̀, Mariarita; Rossella, Z

doi:10.1515/cclm-2015-1174

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 2 publications

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“…Remer et al suggest that high long-term stability and measurement validity for numerous clinical chemistry parameters stored at −22 °C without the addition of preservative for human urine can be achieved [ 48 ]. Specifically for free-light chains monoclonal immunoglobulin, Pieri et al suggest to store urine sample at +4 °C, if analysis to be made within 72 hours, otherwise for longer periods, the refrigeration should be done at −80 °C [ 49 ]. Moyle et al found that collection and storage of canine urine samples in clean homopolymer polypropylene (HP), propylene copolymer (PC), or glass containers at 24°C for 4 hours, 4°C for 12 hours or −20°C for 72 hours is unlikely to result in clinically relevant decreases in measured protein to creatine values [ 50 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Detection and quantification of proteins in human urine

Aitekenov

Gaipov

Bukasov

2021

Talanta

124

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Extensive medical research showed that patients, with high protein concentration in urine, have various kinds of kidney diseases, referred to as proteinuria. Urinary protein biomarkers are useful for diagnosis of many health conditions – kidney and cardio vascular diseases, cancers, diabetes, infections. This review focuses on the instrumental quantification (electrophoresis, chromatography, immunoassays, mass spectrometry, fluorescence spectroscopy, the infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy) of proteins (the most of all albumin) in human urine matrix. Different techniques provide unique information on what constituents of the urine are. Due to complex nature of urine, a separation step by electrophoresis or chromatography are often used for proteomics study of urine. Mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for the discovery and the analysis of biomarkers in urine, however, costs of the analysis are high, especially for quantitative analysis. Immunoassays, which often come with fluorescence detection, are major qualitative and quantitative tools in clinical analysis. While Infrared and Raman spectroscopies do not give extensive information about urine, they could become important tools for the routine clinical diagnostics of kidney problems, due to rapidness and low-cost. Thus, it is important to review all the applicable techniques and methods related to urine analysis. In this review, a brief overview of each technique’s principle is introduced. Where applicable, research papers about protein determination in urine are summarized with the main figures of merits, such as the limit of detection, the detectable range, recovery and accuracy, when available.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Detection and quantification of proteins in human urine

Aitekenov

Gaipov

Bukasov

2021

Talanta

124

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Diagnostic performance of cerebrospinal fluid free light chains in Lyme neuroborreliosis – a pilot study

Tjernberg

Johansson

Henningsson

2019

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)

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Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) free light chains (FLCs) in the diagnosis of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB). Methods Serum and CSF levels of κ- and λ-FLC, albumin and total concentration of immunoglobulin M (IgM) were determined together with CSF chemokine CXCL13 in 23 patients with definite LNB, 35 inflammatory neurological disease control (INDC) and 18 non-inflammatory control (NIC) patients. Indices and intrathecal fractions (IFs) of FLC and IgM were calculated. Results Significant differences in FLC indices and IFs were found between the LNB group and both control groups, p ≤ 0.007. Sensitivity of intrathecal κ- and λ-FLC synthesis reached 78%–87% in LNB patients with a specificity of 94%–100% in NIC patients, whereas specificity in INDC patients was 69%. The corresponding frequencies of positive results for IF and index of IgM and CSF CXCL13 in these three diagnostic groups were 74%–96% in LNB patients, 0% in NIC patients and 3%–6% in INDC patients at the chosen cut-off levels. Conclusions The findings of this study show a moderate to high sensitivity of CSF κ- and λ-FLC in LNB patients with a high specificity in NIC patients. However, overlap in CSF κ- and λ-FLC levels between LNB and INDC patients calls for caution in the interpretation and limits the diagnostic usefulness in the LNB diagnosis. CSF CXCL13 appears to be the most valuable additional biomarker of LNB aside from routine parameters such as CSF pleocytosis and anti-Borrelia antibody index.

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Free light chains nephelometric assay: human urine stability in different storage conditions

Cited by 2 publications

References 2 publications

Review: Detection and quantification of proteins in human urine

Review: Detection and quantification of proteins in human urine

Diagnostic performance of cerebrospinal fluid free light chains in Lyme neuroborreliosis – a pilot study

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