Free Radical Polymerisation of Methylmethacrylate Using p-nitrobenzyltriphenyl Phosphonium Ylide as Novel Initiator

Prajapati, Kiran; Varshney, Anuradha

doi:10.1007/s10965-005-9011-0

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The FT-IR spectra of PMMA with sharp band of ester stretching frequency at 1720 cm -1 confirm the atactic nature of PMMA [44]. The conformational assignment of the ester band was in the region of 1100-1300 cm -1 for isotactic and syndiotatic PMMA [45,46].…”

Section: Characterization Of Polymer: Ft-ir Analysismentioning

confidence: 70%

Multi-site phase transfer catalyzed radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate in mixed aqueous–organic medium: a kinetic study

et al. 2017

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This work establishes the kinetics of radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate in an aqueous-organic two-phase system using 1,4-bis (triethylmethylammonium) benzene dichloride (TEMABDC) as multi-site phase transfer catalyst and potassium peroxydisulphate (K 2 S 2 O 8 ) as water-soluble initiator at 60 ± 1°C under nitrogen atmosphere. The role of concentrations of monomer, initiator, catalyst, acid and ionic strength, temperature and volume fraction of aqueous phase on the rate of polymerization (R p ) was investigated. . The rate of polymerization increases with an increase in the concentration of monomer, initiator, catalyst and temperature. A generalized reaction model was developed to explain the phase transfer catalyzed polymerization reaction. Based on the kinetic results, radical mechanism has been derived. The activation energy and other thermodynamic parameters were calculated. The FT-IR spectroscopy validates a band of 1732 cm -1 of ester group of the obtained polymer. The viscosity average molecular weight of the PMMA was found 1.6955 9 10 4 g/mol.

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Section: Characterization Of Polymer: Ft-ir Analysismentioning

confidence: 70%

Multi-site phase transfer catalyzed radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate in mixed aqueous–organic medium: a kinetic study

et al. 2017

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“…We have successfully investigated homopolymerization14, 15 and copolymerization of vinyl monomers initiated by a phosphorus ylide. We therefore, have extended our studies to synthesize and characterize a terpolymer of St–MMA–AN initiated by a phosphorus ylide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of imidacloprid residues in fruits, vegetables, cereals, fruit juices, and baby foods, and daily intake estimation in and around Lucknow, India

Kapoor¹,

Srivastava²,

Srivastava³

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-A total of 250 samples-including fruits, fruit juices, and baby foods (50 samples each), vegetables (70 samples), and cereals (30 samples)-were collected from Lucknow, India, and analyzed for the presence of imidacloprid residues. The QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method of extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis were carried out, and imidacloprid residues were qualitatively confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Imidacloprid was not detected in samples of fruit juices and baby foods. It was, however, detected in 38 samples of fruits, vegetables, and cereals, which is about 15.20% of the total samples. Of samples of fruits, 22% showed the presence of imidacloprid, and 2% of samples showed residues above the maximal residue limit. Although imidacloprid was detected in 24% of vegetable samples, only 5.71% showed the presence of imidacloprid above the maximal residue limit. However, 33% of cereal samples showed the presence of imidacloprid, and about 3% of samples were above the maximal residue limit. The calculated estimated daily intake ranged between 0.004 and 0.131 mg/kg body weight, and the hazard indices ranged from 0.007 to 0.218 for these food commodities. It is therefore indicated that lifetime consumption of vegetables, fruits, fruit juices, baby foods, wheat, rice, and pulses may not pose a health hazard for the population of Lucknow because the hazard indices for imidacloprid residues were below one. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:723-727. # 2012 SETAC

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“…Photocleavable functionalities have been widely studied in the context of protecting groups for organic synthesis and linkers for solid-phase peptide synthesis , but have also found application in the synthesis of polymeric materials. , One of the most common photocleavable protecting groups is the nitrobenzyloxycarbonyl (NBOC) group which degrades via a photoinduced intramolecular hydrogen abstraction, followed by thermal reactions which eventually yield, most often, an aldehyde and a carboxylic acid. , Nitro functionalities have been incorporated into polymers by postpolymerization modification, free radical polymerization, − or ATRP from an initiator containing a nitro group, and ATRP from p -nitrophenyl methacrylate, but no examples of polymers prepared by ATRP that possess the NBOC functionality have been reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Photocleavable Linear Macromonomers by ATRP and Star Macromonomers by a Tandem ATRP−Click Reaction: Precursors to Photodegradable Model Networks

et al. 2007

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Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) were utilized for the synthesis of photodegradable polymeric materials by two complementary schemes. Linear azido-telechelic macromonomers possessing a photocleavable functionality at the center were synthesized by ATRP and subsequent end-group modification. These macromonomers were cross-linked with a tetrafunctional alkyne by CuAAC to form insoluble materials which degraded upon exposure to UV light of 350 nm to yield soluble star polymer products of defined molecular weight. Complementary to this approach, four-armed star polymers possessing photocleavable arms and terminal azides were prepared by a novel one-pot CuAAC/ATRP reaction followed by end-group modification. These star polymers were cross-linked with a linear, bifunctional alkyne to yield insoluble materials which, upon exposure to UV light, degraded to yield linear polymers of defined molecular weight.

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Free Radical Polymerisation of Methylmethacrylate Using p-nitrobenzyltriphenyl Phosphonium Ylide as Novel Initiator

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Multi-site phase transfer catalyzed radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate in mixed aqueous–organic medium: a kinetic study

Multi-site phase transfer catalyzed radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate in mixed aqueous–organic medium: a kinetic study

Analysis of imidacloprid residues in fruits, vegetables, cereals, fruit juices, and baby foods, and daily intake estimation in and around Lucknow, India

Synthesis of Photocleavable Linear Macromonomers by ATRP and Star Macromonomers by a Tandem ATRP−Click Reaction: Precursors to Photodegradable Model Networks

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