Free‐Radical Polymerization: Suspension

Brooks, B.W.

doi:10.1002/9783527619870.ch5

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Suspension polymerization is employed in the production of several important commercial resins as poly(vinyl chloride), acrylate copolymers, and styrene copolymers, such as expandable polystyrene (EPS), acrylonitrile−butadiene−styrene resin (ABS), and styrene−acrylonitrile resin (SAN). Excellent reviews of the process are available. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of PS/PMMA Core−Shell Structured Particles by Seeded Suspension Polymerization

et al. 2008

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The synthesis of large core-shell particles suitable for applications as rigid foams is reported by means of a seeded suspension polymerization. Suspension polystyrene particles were used as a seed and methyl methacrylate as second stage monomer. Structured particles with a core of polystyrene and a shell composed by PMMA domains densely dispersed in a polystyrene matrix were obtained. The size and concentration of these domains (shell) decreased from the outer shell to the core of the particle. The particle morphology was largely controlled by the limitations to the diffusion of the MMA through the polymer particle. Therefore, increasing the swelling time resulted in a higher amount of PMMA incorporated and in a higher shell thickness. The effect of the initiator was relatively minor. The molecular weights of shell polymer were substantially higher than those of the PMMA obtained through standard batch and semibatch suspension polymerization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of PS/PMMA Core−Shell Structured Particles by Seeded Suspension Polymerization

et al. 2008

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“…Kalfas et al . and Brooks . Production of micron‐sized polymer particles in the size range between 1 and 10 μm and a perfect control of the particle size distribution is difficult with conventional suspension polymerization in a stirred tank.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micron‐Sized Polymer Particles by Membrane Emulsification

Simons

Keurentjes

Meuldijk

2013

Macromolecular Symposia

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Summary Dispersions of micron‐sized styrene droplets in water were produced by straight through microchannel arrays. The monomer droplets have been polymerized by suspension polymerization using an initiator system, which was only oil soluble. A significant amount of submicron particles was formed by secondary nucleation. The side reaction was emulsion polymerization, which was confirmed by the molecular weight distribution of the reaction product. Suppression of secondary nucleation was only partially possible by using the water soluble inhibitor NaNO2. Increasing the monomer to water ratio before polymerization resulted in less emulsion polymerization. Molecular weight was found to be strongly dependent on the initiator concentration as well as on the inhibitor concentration. It was demonstrated that polymer particles with a diameter of about 10 μm can be produced using emulsification of the monomer by microchannel arrays prior to polymerization.

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“…13 The suspension polymerization is a suitable method for expandable polymer particles production. 2,4 The suspension polymerization process can generally be distinguished into two types: [14][15][16] the bead polymerization, where the polymer is soluble in its monomer and smooth spherical particles are produced; and the powder polymerization, where the polymer is insoluble in its monomer and, thus, precipitates out leading to the formation of irregular grains or particles. The most important thermoplastic produced by bead suspension polymerization is PS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the presence of volatile hydrocarbons (C 4 -C 6 ), foamable beads (EPS) can be produced. [15][16][17][18] Our objectives in this work were: (1) investigation of copolymerization kinetics and copolymer microstructure and their effects on expansion performance of final copolymer beads, (2) to prepare expandable poly(St-co-MMA) beads with controlled particle size and particle size distribution (PSD), and thermoexpansion properties, such as pre-foamed particles density and remained blowing agent in pre-foamed particles and (3) to study the effects of expansion conditions on expansion properties of the copolymer beads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and expansion characteristics of expandable styrene/methyl methacrylate copolymer beads: The effects of monomer composition and cell structure modifying aid

Mehravar

Abbasi

Jalili

et al. 2012

Journal of Cellular Plastics

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Parts cast of metals such as iron, using expandable polystyrene foams, may have an unacceptable amount of surface defects, such as lustrous carbon. The use of foams made of styrene/methyl methacrylate copolymers can improve the quality of foam molds and metal parts made using such molds. In this work, expandable copolymers were synthesized by suspension copolymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate in the presence of blowing agents (pentane isomers). When the surrounding temperature was high enough to vaporize the blowing agent and soften the polymer shell, the beads were expanded. The effects of monomer composition and cell structure modifying aid (polyethylene wax) on the particle size, average molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of synthesized copolymer, pentane content and expansion properties (density, residual pentane of pre-expanded particles and cell structure) were investigated. The results showed that monomer composition had a significant effect on the copolymerization kinetic and the copolymer molecular weight. In addition, cell structure, cell size and cell size distribution of the pre-expanded particles were strongly influenced by cell structure modifying aid concentration. The effects of comonomer composition and copolymer particle size on pentane content of expandable particles were also studied.

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Free‐Radical Polymerization: Suspension

Cited by 6 publications

References 106 publications

Synthesis of PS/PMMA Core−Shell Structured Particles by Seeded Suspension Polymerization

Synthesis of PS/PMMA Core−Shell Structured Particles by Seeded Suspension Polymerization

Micron‐Sized Polymer Particles by Membrane Emulsification

Synthesis and expansion characteristics of expandable styrene/methyl methacrylate copolymer beads: The effects of monomer composition and cell structure modifying aid

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