Free-space optical channel characterization in a coastal environment

Alheadary, Wael G.; Park, Kihong; Ooi, Boon S.; Alouini, Mohamed‐Slim

doi:10.1007/s41650-017-0045-3

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In [9], a very promising experiment took place during a US Navy sea trial exercise where the capabilities of a short ship-to-ship FSO link to transfer data obtained during a maritime interdiction operation have been investigated, proving that laser communication systems can complement their RF counterparts in the near future. In [10,11], the effects of humidity and temperature on the performance of an FSO link operating in a coastal environment have been investigated. In those works, two mathematical models that linked the FSO attenuation coefficient to the humidity and the air temperature or dew point, respectively, have been proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Performance Analysis of an Optical Communication Channel over Maritime Environment

et al. 2020

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Free space optical communications (FSO), which make use of the visible and infrared spectrum for data transmission, offer significant advantages such as a very high data rate, security and immunity, low cost of installation and ease of use without any license restrictions. However, a significant challenge for FSO systems is their inherent constraints due to environmental conditions and especially atmospheric turbulence. This paper focuses on the experimental performance analysis of a real FSO system in a maritime environment. We propose a new model which allows an FSO link performance estimation over sea and depends upon point measurements of environmental parameters. The Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) has been measured and a second-order polynomial has been constructed using regression modeling to quantify its relation with macroscopic environmental parameters collected by a weather station. This model has then been validated against real meteorological data over different period of times and exhibited a reasonably strong correlation. Atmospheric turbulence has been determined using bulk estimates of the structure index parameter extracted from the same meteorological data, and thus allowed for a statistical correlation between turbulence and RSSI. In the second part of the paper, the probability distribution of the RSSI data has been investigated and the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence has been used to investigate the difference between probability distributions over the same variable. As an illustrative example of the process, the Weibull, Lognormal and Gamma distributions have been evaluated against the RSSI data probability distribution and the latter has proved to exhibit the best fit.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Performance Analysis of an Optical Communication Channel over Maritime Environment

et al. 2020

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“…2(b) and 2(c). To evaluate the proposed mobile FSO system in outdoor environment, we first deployed it for a short period of August 2016 [32,33]. Then, we observed the link quality and weather information during a substantial period of the year 2017 (i.e.…”

Section: Outdoor Experimental Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-space optical channel characterization and experimental validation in a coastal environment

et al. 2018

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Over the years, free-space optical (FSO) communication has attracted considerable research interest owing to its high transmission rates via the unbounded and unlicensed bandwidths. Nevertheless, various weather conditions lead to significant deterioration of the FSO link capabilities. In this context, we report on the modelling of the channel attenuation coefficient (β) for a coastal environment and related ambient, considering the effect of coastal air temperature (T), relative humidity (RH) and dew point (TD) by employing a mobile FSO communication system capable of achieving a transmission rate of 1 Gbps at an outdoor distance of 70 m for optical beam wavelengths of 1310 nm and 1550 nm. For further validation of the proposed models, an indoor measurement over a 1.5 m distance utilizing 1310 nm, 1550 nm, and 1064 nm lasers was also performed. The first model provides a general link between T and β, while the second model provides a relation between β, RH as well as TD. By validating our attenuation coefficient model with actual outdoor and indoor experiments, we obtained a scaling parameter x and decaying parameter c values of 19.94, 40.02, 45.82 and 0.03015, 0.04096, 0.0428 for wavelengths of 1550, 1310, 1064 nm, respectively. The proposed models are well validated over the large variation of temperature and humidity over the FSO link in a coastal region and emulated indoor environment.

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“…Nevertheless, it is delightful that plenty of the statistical channel models have been proposed to describe the UFSO links under atmospheric turbulence, e.g., K-exponential [9], log-normal [10], and Gamma-Gamma [11] distribution models. Furthermore, there are works like [12], [13], which focus on UFSO channel characterization and experimental validation in a coastal environment. All of these proposed models help to analyze the turbulent UFSO channels and find a proper way to decrease the influence from atmospheric turbulence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Experimental Study of The Vibration Effects in Urban Free-Space Optical Communication Systems

et al. 2019

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Free-space optical (FSO) communication, considered as a last-mile technology, is widely used in many urban scenarios. However, the performance of urban free-space optical (UFSO) communication systems fades in the presence of system vibration caused by many factors in the chaotic urban environment. In this paper, we develop a dedicated indoor vibration platform and atmospheric turbulence to estimate the Bifurcated-Gaussian (B-G) distribution model of the receiver optical power under different vibration levels and link distances using nonlinear iteration method. Mean square error (MSE) and coefficient of determination (R 2) metrics have been used to show a good agreement between the PDFs of the experimental data with the resulting B-G distribution model. Besides, the UFSO channel under the effects of both vibration and atmospheric turbulence is also explored under three atmospheric turbulence conditions. Our proposed B-G distribution model describes the vibrating UFSO channels properly and can easily help to perform and evaluate the link performance of UFSO systems, e.g., bit-error-rate (BER), outage probability. Furthermore, this work paves the way for constructing completed auxiliary control subsystems for robust UFSO links and contributes to more extensive optical communication scenarios, such as underwater optical communication, etc.

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Free-space optical channel characterization in a coastal environment

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Experimental Performance Analysis of an Optical Communication Channel over Maritime Environment

Experimental Performance Analysis of an Optical Communication Channel over Maritime Environment

Free-space optical channel characterization and experimental validation in a coastal environment

Modeling and Experimental Study of The Vibration Effects in Urban Free-Space Optical Communication Systems

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