Free-standing sulfur-polypyrrole cathode in conjunction with polypyrrole-coated separator for flexible Li-S batteries

Abstract

Free-standing sulfur-polypyrrole cathode in conjunction with polypyrrole-coated separator for flexible Li-S batteries. Energy Storage Materials, 13 312-322.

Graphene Oxide/Carbon Nanotube Bilayer Flexible Membrane for High‐Performance Li–S Batteries with Superior Physical and Electrochemical Properties

“…[8] In order to secure cost effectiveness, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been considered one of the most attractive energy storage systems because of their high theoretical capacity (1672 mAh g −1 ), energy density (2600 Wh kg −1 ), nontoxicity, low cost, and the natural abundance of sulfur. [11,12] To resolve these issues, most studies have focused on fabricating an inhibitor to trap the lithium polysulfides in the cathode side through chemical/physical adsorption, such as the interlayer inserted between the sulfur electrode and the separator with a metal oxide, [13][14][15] conductive carbon material, [16] polymers, [17][18][19][20][21][22] Al 2 O 3 , [23][24][25][26] Ni foam, [27,28] CoS 2 , [29,30] and metal carbide. In particular, the shuttle phenomenon is caused by the high solubility of the lithium polysulfide intermediate (Li 2 S X , 2 < X ≤ 8) in the electrolyte.…”

A review of rechargeable batteries for portable electronic devices

“…However, the advances in increasing battery energy density fail to keep up the pace of growing demands by PEDs. Although Li‐ion batteries exhibit the highest energy density among various rechargeable batteries, their energy density, ranging from 170 to 250 Wh kg −1 or 350 to 700 Wh L −1 , is still not able to cope with the increasing energy storage requirements by emerging PEDs (Figure ) . Therefore, it is a worldwide and urgent desire to further increasing the energy density of rechargeable batteries.…”

“…Many other materials with higher Li storage capacities, such as Si (4200 mAh g −1 ), Sn (994 mAh g −1 ), SnO 2 (782 mAh g −1 ), Fe 2 O 3 (1007 mAh g −1 ), MnO 2 (1232 mAh g −1 ), Co 3 O 4 (890 mAh g −1 ), and NiO (718 mAh g −1 ), have been explored as new anode materials. Similarly, traditional cathode materials (eg, Li cobalt oxide, Li iron phosphate, and Li manganese oxide) can be substituted by large‐capacity materials (eg, Ni‐rich layered oxides and Li‐rich layered oxides) or high‐voltage materials (eg, polyanion oxides and spinel materials) . These efforts have been able to significantly improve the energy density of Li‐ion batteries at least in many research lab studies.…”

“…Electrochemical energy storage systems, especially rechargeable batteries, have been widely employed as the energy sources of PEDs for decades and promoted the thriving growth of PEDs. 2,3 To satisfy the continually high requirements of PEDs, significant improvements in electrochemical performances of rechargeable batteries have been attained. [4][5][6] The rechargeable batteries of PEDs have gone through the leadacid, nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd), nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH), lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, and so on ( Figure 1).…”

Physical Inhibition and Chemical Confinement of Lithium Polysulfides by Designing a Double‐Layer Composite Separator for Lithium‐Sulfur Battery

“…At present, research work of the battery separators can be divided into the following two directions: One is to apply some modified functional separators [9] to form thin coating layer on the surface of commercialized polyolefin separators for LiÀ S battery. [10] And these coating materials mainly include conductive carbon materials, [11] polymers, [12] inorganic substances [9a,13] and chemical compounds including some especial functional groups. [14] These applied substances can form strong chemical bonds with soluble lithium polysulfides, thus effectively trapping and adsorbing lithium polysulfides.…”