Free trade zones: characteristics and tennant behaviour

Malhotra, Shavin

doi:10.22215/etd/2008-06217

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(179 reference statements)

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“…Trade in Zimbabwe takes place against a terrain on which the country is estimated as having the largest informal sector in Africa. 39 As in many African countries, the development trajectory of Zimbabwe continues to be riddled by wider socio-economic problems akin to youth unemployment rising to above 94%, 40 poor working conditions, and widespread poverty. 41 In addition, the prevailing trade climate has in general put women at the forefront as they occupy between 70-80 percent of informal traders.…”

Section: Trade In Zimbabwementioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of the African continental free trade area socio-economic benefits as drivers of sport industry stakeholders′ expectations in Zimbabwe

Chakawata,

Atare,

Ochei

2023

Sports law policy dipl. j.

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Despite the proliferation of free trade agreements worldwide, few studies have examined how the supposed benefits of the agreements are interpreted, understood, and applied by those operating in the sport industry. In light of the recently operationalized African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) Agreement and in response to a glaring lack of research into the sport industry’s expectations arising from this Agreement, the present study analysed whether the awareness of the AfCFTA socio-economic benefits can be considered drivers of sports industry stakeholders’ expectations in Zimbabwe. Data analysis deployed descriptive statistical processes with tests for correlation to determine the relationship between the awareness of social and economic benefits of the AfCFTA on the expectations of the sport industry stakeholders. Consequently, the social benefits played a significant relative role when accounting for the stakeholders’ expectations compared to the economic benefits. The study provides insight into how the sport industry in Zimbabwe can take advantage of foreseen or unforeseen developments within its external environment, such as the AfCFTA, whose transversal benefits cut across the sport industry and can address both the country′s and its sport industry's present challenges.

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Section: Trade In Zimbabwementioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness of the African continental free trade area socio-economic benefits as drivers of sport industry stakeholders′ expectations in Zimbabwe

Chakawata,

Atare,

Ochei

2023

Sports law policy dipl. j.

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“…A free trade zone is a geographic zone that is excluded from some of the current public regulations of the country by creating advantages such as tax exemptions and customs duties and exemptions from specific export and import regulations to attract foreign investment and modern technology to help develop the mainland. These zones have advantages such as currency earnings through exports, capital appreciation, reduced unemployment, local development, knowledge and technology transfer, increased skilled laborers, and a model for testing free trade at the national level (22). Free zones of Iran were created according to note 19 of the first socioeconomic plan of the Islamic Republic of Iran with the aim of attracting foreign capital and export development in order to achieve goals such as accelerating the implementation of infrastructure, development, economic growth, creation of employment, investing, and producing and exporting goods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing a Sport Development Model in Iran’s Free Trade Industrial Zones

Saberi

KalatehSeifari

Dosti

et al. 2018

Ann. Appl. Sport Sci

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Background. One of the most important elements of life are physical activity and sport: these are the basis of health during life. In order for society to benefit from the advantages of physical activity and sport, it is necessary to know the factors influencing this phenomenon. Objectives. The purpose of this paper is to design a sport development model in the free trade-industrial zones of Iran. Methods. The research was qualitative, and was done using the grounded theory approach and based on the systematic approach of Strauss and Corbin (1998). The geographic area of the research included seven free trade trade-industrial zones of Iran; the data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. Participants in the research were the sport authorities of Iran's free zone, sport officers, officers of the Ministry of Sport and Youth of free zones, staff members of the Ministry of Sport and Youth, and sport professors; interviews involved 22 informed persons. Results. The results of data coding showed that causal factors (individual, interpersonal, and structural) centrally affect sport development. Cultural, social, economic, political, technological, legal, and environmental factors were also selected as context and interventional factors. Development of management; development of space, equipment, and great sport events; cultural and social development; scientific and legal development; and development of financial resources were designated as strategies for the development of sport, which will also lead to economic, cultural, social, environmental, and political consequences. Conclusion. Given the positive outcomes for the development of sport, it can be useful as an effective tool in achieving the major goals of Iran's free trade-industrial zones.

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Free trade zones: characteristics and tennant behaviour

Cited by 2 publications

References 73 publications

Awareness of the African continental free trade area socio-economic benefits as drivers of sport industry stakeholders′ expectations in Zimbabwe

Awareness of the African continental free trade area socio-economic benefits as drivers of sport industry stakeholders′ expectations in Zimbabwe

Designing a Sport Development Model in Iran’s Free Trade Industrial Zones

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