Freeze Fracture and Cytoplasmic Maceration of Pollen Grains

Blackmore, Stephen; Barnes, Susan H.

doi:10.1080/00173138609429931

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The material was sputter coated with gold/palladium and studied with a JEOL JSM6300 SEM in the physiology section of the Department of Botany, Stockholm University, Sweden. Four samples were processed by a freeze-fracture and cytoplasmic maceration technique (Blackmore & Barnes, 1986). This technique gives the possibility of analysing 192 microspores per sample, resulting in a total of 3072 microspores studied.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of wall layers inSelaginella kraussianamicrospores (Lycophyta)

Morbelli

Rowley

2010

Grana

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A similarity was found in both construction and ultrastructure between the two exospore layers in microspores of Selaginella kraussiana. The exospore is made up of two different kinds of rods. One of the kinds of rods are large, 100-150 nm in width, while the other are tubular rods 10-15 nm in diameter. The large rods are wider at the base of the spines than in the upper part, possibly due to flattening or compression. Both the outer and the inner exospores have a stranded surface that is very pronounced in the microspores of this species. Fibrous strands persisting the scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM) fixations were observed on the spore surface proximally and through perforations (exospore channel openings). This net of fibres penetrates and fills the space of the cavities within large channels through the outer and inner exospore and within the gap. According to our interpretation, these strands would be produced by the tapetum and are probably related to the nourishment of the developing microspores. Contrast varies in TEM sections after cytochemical stains, but this appears to be due to transitory substances, e.g. carbohydrates, rather than to be a substantial difference in basic composition between inner and outer exospore layers.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure of wall layers inSelaginella kraussianamicrospores (Lycophyta)

Morbelli

Rowley

2010

Grana

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In several other approaches, however, induction of breaks, fractures or erosions relinquished various internal surfaces. The methods used to achieve this comprise freeze fracture (often combined with cytoplasmic maceration by osmium tetroxide), freeze etching, and ion and fast atom beam etching (Barnes 8r Blackmore 1984, Blackmore & Claugher 1984Blackmore & Barnes 1986, Skvarla et al 1988. Correlative analysis of the same object using LM, TEM and SEM has also proved to be very informative (e-g. Wolter et al 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%